2022年考研初試備考時(shí)間已經(jīng)不多，相信大家都已經(jīng)進(jìn)入最后的復(fù)習(xí)階段。在最后階段，適當(dāng)?shù)恼骖}練習(xí)也是非常重要的。下面，幫考網(wǎng)為大家?guī)砜佳谐踉囉⒄Z分析題的部分歷年真題，趕緊練起來。

Directions:

Read thefollowing four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, CｏｒD. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)

Text 1

Unlikeso-called basic emotions such as sadness, fear, ａｎｄ anger, guilt emerges alittle later, in conjunction with a child’s growinggrasp of social ａｎｄ moral norms. Children aren’t born knowing how to say “I’m sorry”； rather, they learn over timethat such statements appease parents ａｎｄ friends －－ ａｎｄ their own consciences.This is why researchers generally regard so-called moral guilt, in the rightamount, to be a good thing.

In thepopular imagination, of course, guilt still gets a bad rap. It is deeplyuncomfortable－－ it’s the emotional equivalent of wearing a jacket weighted withstones. Yet this understanding is outdated. “There has been a kind of revival ｏｒa rethinking about what guilt is andwhat role guilt can serve,” says Amrisha Vaish, a psychologyresearcher at the University of Virginia, adding that this revival is part of alarger recognition that emotions aren’t binary －－feelings that may be advantageous in one context may be harmful in another.Jealousy ａｎｄ anger, fｏｒexample, may have evolved to alert us to importantinequalities. Too much happiness can be destructive.

ａｎｄ quilt, by prompting us to think more deeply about our goodness, can encourage humansto make up fｏｒerrors ａｎｄ fix relationships. Guilt, in other words, can helphold a cooperative species together. It is a kind of social glue.

Viewed inthis light, guilt is an opportunity. Work by Tina Malti , a psychologyprofessｏｒat the University of Toronto ,suggests that guilt may compensate foran emotional deficiency. In a number of studies, Malti ａｎｄ others have shownthat guilt ａｎｄ sympathy may represent different pathways to cooperation andsharing. Some Kids who are low in sympathy may make up fｏｒthat shortfall byexperiencing more guilt, which can rein in their nastier impulses. ａｎｄ viceversa : High sympathy can substitute fｏｒlow guilt.

In a 2014study, fｏｒexample, Malti looked at 244 children. Using caregiver assessmentsａｎｄ the children’s self-observations, she ratedeach child’s overall sympathy level ａｎｄ hisｏｒher tendency to feel negative emotions after moral transgressions. Then thekids were handed chocolate coins, ａｎｄ given a chance to share them with ananonymous child. Fｏｒthe low-sympathy kids, how much they shared appeared toturn on how inclined they were to feel guilty. The guilt-prone ones share more,even though they hadn’t magically become moresympathetic to the other child’s deprivation.

“That’s good news,” Malti says, “We can be prosocial because we caused harmａｎｄ we feel regret.”

21.Researchers think that guilt can be a good thing because it may help _______.

A.regulate a child’s basic emotions

B.improve a child’s intellectual ability

C. fostera child’s moral development

D.intensify a child’s positive feelings

22.According to Paragraph 2, many people still consider guilt to be _______.

A.deceptive

B.burdensome

C.addictive

D.inexcusable

23. Vaishholds that the rethinking about guilt comes from an awareness that _______.

A.emotions are context-independent

B.emotions are socially constructive

C.emotional stability can benefit health

D. anemotion can play opposing roles

24. Maltiａｎｄ others have shown that cooperation ａｎｄ sharing _______.

A. mayhelp correct emotional deficiencies

B. canresult from either sympathy ｏｒguilt

C. can bringabout emotional satisfaction

D. may bethe outcome of impulsive acts

25. Theword “transgressions” (Line 4, Para. 5) is closest in meaning to_______.

A.teachings

B.discussions

C.restrictions

D.wrongdoings

以上就是幫考網(wǎng)為大家?guī)淼娜啃畔ⅲＭ芙o大家一些幫助。在最后階段，小伙伴們要注意調(diào)整自己的心態(tài)，以良好的心態(tài)去迎接考試哦。另外，小伙伴們?nèi)绻€有其他關(guān)于考研信息的疑問，也可以留言咨詢。