2019年職稱英語考試《衛(wèi)生類》考試共65題，分為單選題和多選題和判斷題和計算題和簡答題和不定項。小編為您整理歷年真題5道練習題，附答案解析，供您備考練習。

1、Parkinson's Disease
1. Parkinson's disease affects the way you move. It happens when there is a problem with certain nerve cells in the brain. Normally, these nerve cells make an important chemical called dopamine(多巴胺). Dopamine sends signals to the part of your brain that controls movement. It lets your muscles move smoothly and do what you want them to do. When you have Parkinson's, these nerve cells break down. Then you no longer have enough dopamine, and you have trouble moving the way you want to.
2. No one knows for sure what makes these nerve cells break down. But scientists are doing a lot of research to look for the answer. They are studying many possible causes, including aging and poisons in the environment. Abnormal genes seem to lead to Parkinson's disease in some people. But so far, there is not enough proof to show that it is always inherited.
3. Tremor (顫抖) may be the first symptom you notice. It is one of the most common signs of the disease, although not everyone has it. Tremor often starts in just one arm or leg or only on one side of the body. It may be worse when you are awake but not moving the affected arm or leg. It may get better when you move the limb or you are asleep. In time, Parkinson's affects muscles all through your body, so it can lead to problems like trouble swallowing or constipation(便秘) . In the later stages of the disease, a person with Parkinson's may have a fixed or blank expression, trouble speaking, and other problems. Some people also have a decrease in mental skills.
4. At this time, there is no cure for Parkinson's disease. But there are several types of medicines that can control the symptoms and make the disease easier to live with. You may not even need treatment if your symptoms are not obvious. Your doctor may wait to prescribe medicines until your symptoms start to get in the way of your daily life. Your doctor will adjust your medicines as your symptoms get worse. You may need to take several medicines to get the best results.
One of the most common signs of Parkinson's is tremor, ______.
【單選題】

A.if there isn’t enough dopamine in your body

B.what affects muscles all through your body

C.which cannot be cured yet

D.if you have a fixed or blank expression

E.which may be the first symptom you notice

F.what causes Parkinson's disease

正確答案:E

答案解析:本題難度不大，帶著題干信息詞回文章定位，答案依據是文章第三段的第一句：Tremor may be the first symptom you notice，談到顫抖會是你注意到的第一個癥狀，回來看選項，E項和原文句意相符，是答案。

2、Acceptance of Chronic Illness
For chronically ill patients, giving up the hope that they will get better may actually lead to more happiness, U. S. researchers suggest.
"Hope is an important part of happiness, but there's a dark side of hope. Sometimes, if hope makes people put off getting on with their life, it can get in the way of happiness," Dr. Peter A. Ubel from the University of Michigan Health System said in a university news release.
He and his colleagues studied patients who'd just had a colostomy (結腸造口術), which means their colons (結腸) were removed and they had to have bowel (腸) movements in a pouch (小袋) outside the body. At the time of the surgery, some patients were told the procedure was reversible and they'd have a second operation in a few months to reconnect their bowels. Other patients were told the colostomy was permanent.
The patients were followed for six months, and the researchers found that those without hope of regaining normal bowel function were happier than those with reversible colostomies.
"We think they were happier because they got on with their life. They realized the cards they were dealt, and recognized that they had no choice but to play with those cards," Ubel said. "The other group was waiting for their colostomy to be reversed. They contrasted their current life with the life they hoped to lead, and didn't make the best of their current situation. "
The study, published in the November edition of Health Psychology, also may explain why people whose spouse dies often recover better emotionally over time than those who get divorced, the researchers said.
That's because people whose husband or wife dies have closure (結束), while those who get divorced may still have hope for some chance of making up, they explained.
The other group was not as happy because ______.【單選題】

A.they accepted their current situation

B.they were anxious to get better

C.they missed their previous life

D.they refused to play cards

正確答案:B

答案解析:本題有一定難度，需要吃透原文句意。答案依據比較明顯，在文章第五段最后一句．談到，不開心的第一組病人總是把現在的生活和他們想要的生活進行比較，沒有很好地適應現在的生活。換句話說，他們很渴望早日恢復?；貋砜催x項，B項和原文句意相符，是答案。

3、Nurse! I Want My Mummy
When a child is ill in hospital, a parent's first reaction is to be with them.
Most hospitals now allow parents to sleep overnight with their child, providing a bed or sofa on the ward.
But until the 1970s this practice was not only frowned upon (不贊同) — it was actively discouraged. Staff worried that the children would be ____ when their parents left, and so there was a blanket (通用的) ban.
A concerned nurse, Pamela Hawthorn, disagreed and her study "Nurse, I want my mummy!" published in 1974, changed the face "paediatric (兒科的) nursing.
Martin Johnson, a professor of nursing at the University of Salford, said that the work of nurses like Pamela had changed the face of patient care.
"Pamela's study was done against the background of a lively debate in paediatrics and psychology as to the degree women should spend with children in the outside world and the degree to which they should be allowed to visit children in hospital."
"The idea was that if mum came to visita small child in hospital the child would be upset and inconsolable (無法安慰的) for hours. "
"Yet the nurse noticed that if mum did not come at all the child stayed in a relatively stable state but they might be depressed. "
"Of course we know now that they had almost given up hope that mum was ever coming back."
"To avoid a little bit of pain they said that no one should visit."
"But children were alone and depressed, so Hawthorn said parents should be allowed to visit."
Dr. Peter Carter, chief executive and general secretary of the Royal College of Nursing, said her work had been seminal (開創(chuàng)性的).
"Her research put an end to the days when parents handed their children over to strangers at the door of the hospital ward."
"As a result of her work, parents are now recognized as partners in care and are afforded the opportunity to stay with their children while they are in hospital, which has dramatically improved both parents' and children's experience of care."
【單選題】

A.hungry

B.upset

C.surprised

D.happy

正確答案:B

答案解析:本題難度不大，考查詞義辨析，文章此處是說“工作人員擔心孩子們在父母離開后會不安”，upset指“不安”，答案是B。

4、Ten years after the event, her death still remains a puzzle.【單選題】

A.mist

B.fog

C.secret

D.mystery

正確答案:D

答案解析:事情發(fā)生10年后，她的死因仍是個謎。本題難度較大，干擾項干擾很強，主要是C項。puzzle指“困惑，不解之謎”，和mystery“神秘的”是近義詞，都是指人們還暫時沒有揭開謎團。C項secret指“秘密”，是指一部分人已知道真相，所以和puzzle，mystery是有區(qū)別的，最佳答案是D。

5、Importance of Children's Oral Health
February is National Children's Dental(牙齒的) Health Month, but in children good oral(口部的) care is critical every day. The first comprehensive study on the nation's oral health, released recently by the Office of the U. S. Surgeon General, calls dental and oral diseases a "silent epidemic (流行病)", even in children. The report states that more than 51 million school hours are lost each year to dental - related illness. In fact, a recent study pointed to dental care as the most common unmet health need among American children.
To help counter this, the American Academy of Periodontology (牙周病學) (AAP) is launching an effort to educate children and parents about the prevention of dental diseases in children.
"This is important because oral problems can impact self - esteem for children and lead to problems of eating, speaking and attending to learning," said Michael McGuire, president of the AAP.
Common dental problems seen in children are cavities (齲洞) and gingivitis (齦炎), which are found in the majority of U. S. children. "When these problems are not caught early and treated, they can develop into more severe problems and cause unnecessary suffering," said McGuire. "However, much of the time, oral problems are avoidable problems."
In the Rio Grande Valley in Texas, a group of more than 120 dentists(牙醫(yī)) volunteers to deliver dental care to thousands of low - income children each year with its Mobile Dental Unit that travels from school to school.
"According to the Surgeon General's Report, about 37 percent of children have not had a dental visit before starting school," said McGuire. When children don't see dentists, they miss the opportunity to have problems caught early before they develop into larger, more expensive problems to treat, and parents miss the opportunity to learn how to promote good oral habits in their children.
Boys miss more school hours each year due to dental - related illness.【單選題】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正確答案:C

答案解析:本題有一定難度，需要通讀全文，吃透原文句意。主要答案依據是第一段第三句：The reports states that more than 51 million school hours are lost each year to dental - related illness,談到因為患牙齒相關疾病，美國學生每年缺課時達5100多萬，但并沒有提到男孩比女孩缺課時更多，本題是未提及，答案是C。