2019年職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)考試《衛(wèi)生類(lèi)》考試共65題，分為單選題和多選題和判斷題和計(jì)算題和簡(jiǎn)答題和不定項(xiàng)。小編為您整理歷年真題5道練習(xí)題，附答案解析，供您備考練習(xí)。

1、There was a profound silence after his remark.【單選題】

A.proud

B.short

C.sudden

D.deep

正確答案:D

答案解析:他講完后現(xiàn)場(chǎng)一片沉寂。本題考察的是引申意義。profound指“深刻的”，引申意義是“深度的，完全的”和deep“深的”是近義詞，其他三項(xiàng)都是常用詞，和答案意義差異大，干擾性不強(qiáng)。

2、Human Heart Can Make New Cells
Solving a longstanding (為時(shí)甚久的) mystery, scientists have found that the human heart continues to generate new cardiac(心臟的 ) cells throughout the life span, although the rate of new cell production slows with age.
The finding, published in the April 3 issue of Science, could open a new path for the treatment of heart diseases such as heart failure and heart attack, experts say.
"We find that the beating cells in the heart, cardiomyocytes (心肌細(xì)胞), are renewed," said lead researcher Dr. Jonas Frisen, a professor of stem cell research at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden. "It has previously not been known whether we were limited to the cardiomyocytes we are born with or if they could be renewed," he said.
The process of renewing these cells changes over time, Frisen added. In a 20 - year - old, about I percent of cardiomyocytes are exchanged each year, but the turnover (更替) rate decreases with age to only 0.45 percent by age 75.
"If we can understand how the generation of new cardiomyocytes is regulated, it may be potentially possible to develop pharmaceuticals (藥物) that promote this process to stimulate regeneration after, for example, a heart attack," Frisen said.
That could lead to treatment that helps restore damaged hearts.
"A lot of people suffer from chronic heart failure," noted co - author Dr. Ratan Bhardwaj, also from the Karolinska Institute. "Chronic heart failure arises from heart cells dying," he said.
With this finding, scientists are "opening the door to potential therapies (療法) to having ourselves heal ourselves." Bhardwaj said. "Maybe one could devise a pharmaceutical agent that would make heart cells make new and more cells to overcome the problem they are facing. "
But barriers remain. According to Bhardwaj, scientists do not yet know how to increase heart cell production to a rate that would replace cells faster than they are dying off, especially in older patients with heart failure. In addition, the number of new cells the heart produces was estimated using healthy hearts-whether the rate of cell turnover in diseased hearts is the same remains unknown.
Chronic heart failure is attributed to ______.【單選題】

A.the dying heart cells

B.the effect of pharmaceuticals

C.the weight of the patient

D.the life span of a person

正確答案:A

答案解析:本題難度不大，答案依據(jù)比較明顯。帶著題干信息詞回文章定位，答案依據(jù)是文章第七段最后一句，談到慢性心臟衰竭是由心肌細(xì)胞的死亡引起的，回來(lái)看選項(xiàng)，A項(xiàng)和原文句意相符，是答案。

3、There is always excitement at the Olympic Games when an athlete breaks a record.【單選題】

A.beats

B.maintains

C.matches

D.tries

正確答案:A

答案解析:運(yùn)動(dòng)員在奧運(yùn)會(huì)上打破記錄時(shí)總讓人興奮。本題有一定難度，考察的是引申意義，beat的基本意義是“擊打”，引申意義有“打破記錄”的意思，和break是近義詞，其他選項(xiàng)都是常用詞匯，和答案意義差異大，最佳答案是A。

4、Cancer
1. Cancer is a group of many related diseases that begin in cells, the body＇s basic building blocks. The body is made up of many types of cells. Normally, cells grow and divide to produce more cells as they are needed to keep the body healthy. Sometimes, this orderly process goes wrong. New cells form when the body does not need them, and old cells do not die when they should. The extra cells form a mass of tissue called a growth or tumor(腫瘤). Benign(良性的) tumors are not cancer. They can often be removed and, in most cases, they do not come back. Malignant (惡性的) tumors are cancer. Cells in malignant tumors are abnormal and divide without control or order.
2. Scientists have learned that cancer is caused by changes in genes that normally control the growth and death of cells. Certain lifestyle and environmental factors can change some normal genes into genes that allow the growth of cancer. Many gene changes that lead to cancer are the result of tobacco use, diet, exposure to ultraviolet(紫外線(xiàn)的) radiation from the sun, or exposure to carcinogens (致癥物) in the workplace or in the environment. Some gene alterations are inherited.
3. Cancer treatment can include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy(化療), hormone therapy, and biological therapy. The doctor may use one method or a combination of methods, depending on the type and location of the cancer, whether the disease has spread, the patient＇s age and general health and other factors. Because treatment for cancer can also damage healthy cells and tissues, it often causes side effects. Patients and doctors generally discuss the treatment options, weighting the likely benefits of killing cancer cells and the risks of possible side effects.
4. Having cancer does not always mean having pain. Whether a patient has pain may depend on the type of cancer, the extent of the disease and the patient＇s tolerance for pain. Most pain occurs when the cancer grows and presses against bones, organs, or nerves. Pain may also be a side effect of treatment. However, pain can generally be relieved or reduced with prescription medicines or over - the - counter drugs recommended by the doctor.
Paragraph 1 ______
【單選題】

A.How is cancer treated?

B.Does cancer always cause pain?

C.Can cancer be prevented?

D.What is cancer?

E.How common is cancer?

F.What causes cancer?

正確答案:D

答案解析:本題難度不大，段落主旨句比較明顯，是文章第一段的第一句，談到了癌癥的概念，談到癌癥是始于細(xì)胞病變的綜合相關(guān)疾病，回來(lái)看選項(xiàng)，D項(xiàng)What is cancer?簡(jiǎn)單概括了本段意思，是答案。

5、Online Cancer Chat with a Safety Net
Cancer Research UK has launched an online chat forum for cancer patients to swap (變換) stories and share experiences on how to cope with such a devastating disease.
But Cancer Chat is a forum with a difference: it has an information safety net.
This means that a Cancer Research UK team will keep a watching brief to ensure that patients are not subjected to rogue (劣等的) "cancer cures" or scientifically unsound information.
Anyone can have access to the messages posted on Cancer Chat, but if people wish to post a message, they will need to register.
And Rebekah Gibbs, cancer patient and star of TWs Casualty, has pledged her support for the new project. "I think Cancer Chat is a brilliant idea," she said. "I have written a public diary about what I went through with breast cancer and I have had such a heart - warming response from other people going through the same thing."
The idea of a Cancer Chat forum means you can share information about treatment and side effects and you can really open up about your feelings online in a way that can be difficult when talking to close friends and family. And with Cancer Research UK monitoring the forum, people can be reassured about the quality of information being exchanged.
Cancer Chat will also encourage its users to check out any cancer questions on its CancerHelp UK website, which is specially designed to give patients and their families 6,000 pages of up - to - date information that is easy to understand and explains a wide range of treatments for different types of cancer and gives details of clinical trials. There is also a UK database of cancer clinical trials.
The award - winning website attracts around one million visitors a month and Cancer Research UK hopes that some of these visitors will also want to post comments on the Cancer Chat forum.
For those who do not have access to computers and have questions about cancer, the charity＇s team of cancer information nurses are available during office hours to talk over patients＇ concerns on the phone.
Which statement about the CancerHelp UK website is NOT true?【單選題】

A.It offers lots of information on cancer treatment and clinical trials.

B.It attracts numerous visitors.

C.It has won an award.

D.It is accessible only to British citizens.

正確答案:D

答案解析:本題有一定難度，需要認(rèn)真吃透原文句意，找出判斷依據(jù)。認(rèn)真閱讀文章可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，選項(xiàng)里A，B，C三項(xiàng)在文中都提到了，第四段第一句，談到任何人都可以上該論壇的網(wǎng)站瀏覽消息，Cancer Help UK是其子網(wǎng)站，但并沒(méi)有提到只有英國(guó)公民才能登陸該網(wǎng)站，答案是D。