- 閱讀理解A
題干：Whenprehistoricmanarrivedinnewpartsoftheworld，somethingstrangehappenedtothelargeanimals：theysuddenlybecameextinct.Smallerspeciessurvived.Thelarge,slow-growinganimalswereeasygame，andwerequicklyhuntedtoextinction.Nowsomethingsimilarcouldbehappeningintheoceans.Thattheseasarebeingoverfishedhasbeenknownforyears.WhatresearcherssuchasRansomMyersandBorisWormhaveshownisjusthowfastthingsarechanging.Theyhavelookedathalfacenturyofdatafromfisheriesaroundtheworld.Theirmethodsdonotattempttoestimatetheactualbiomass(theamountoflivingbiologicalmatter)offishspeciesinparticularpartsoftheocean,butratherchangesinthatbiomassovertime.AccordingtotheirlatestpaperpublishedinNature,thebiomassoflargepredators(animalsthatkillandeatotheranimals)inanewfisheryisreducedonaverageby80%within15yearsofthestartofexploitation.Insomelong-fishedareas,ithashalvedagainsincethen.Dr.Wormacknowledgesthatthesefiguresareconservative.Onereasonforthisisthatfishingtechnologyhasimproved.Today'svesselscanfindtheirpreyusingsatellitesandsonar,whichwerenotavailable50yearsago-Thatmeansahigherproportionofwhatisintheseaisbeingcaught，sotherealdifferencebetweenpresentandpastislikelytobeworsethantheonerecordedbychangesincatchsizes.Intheearlydays,too,longlineswouldhavebeenmoresaturatedwithfish.Someindividualswouldthereforenothavebeencaught,sincenobaitedhookswouldhavebeenavailabletotrapthem，leadingtoanunderestimateoffishstocksinthepast.Furthermore，intheearlydaysoflonglinefishing,alotoffishwerelosttosharksaftertheyhadbeenhooked.Thatisnolongeraproblem,becausetherearefewersharksaroundnow.Dr.MyersandDr.Wormarguethattheirworkgivesacorrectbaseline,whichfuturemanagementeffortsmusttakeintoaccount.Theybelievethedatasupportanideacurrentamongmarinebiologists,thatofthe“shiftingbaseline”.Thenotionisthatpeoplehavefailedtodetectthemassivechangeswhichhavehappenedintheoceanbecausetheyhavebeenlookingbackonlyarelativelyshorttimeintothepast.Thatmattersbecausetheorysuggeststhatthemaximumsustainableyieldthatcanbecroppedfromafisherycomeswhenthebiomassofatargetspeciesisabout50%ofitsoriginallevels.Mostfisheriesarewellbelowthat,whichisabadwaytodobusiness.
題目：The extinction of large prehistoric animals is noted to suggest that_____. - A 、large animals were vulnerable to the changing environment
- B 、small species survived as large animals disappeared
- C 、large sea animals may face the same threat today
- D 、slow-growing fish outlive fast-growing ones
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參考答案【正確答案：C】
推理題。第一段第二、三句提到了大型史前動物的滅絕及其原因。接著文章指出，現(xiàn)在類似 的事情也可能發(fā)在海洋中。文章之后各段都在圍繞海洋物種展開論述。因此可以推出，首 段提到“陸地上大型史前動物的滅絕”是為了引出下文中“海洋生物的滅絕”。C選項符合文章主旨。
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- A 、waking up in time is essential to the ridding of bad dreams
- B 、visualizing bad dreams helps bring them under control
- C 、dreams should be left to their natural progression
- D 、dreaming may not entirely belong to the unconscious
熱門試題換一換
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- （9）
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