- 閱讀理解A
題干：InAmericaalone,tippingisnowa$16billion-a-yearindustry.Arecentpollshowedthat40%ofAmericansloathe(厭惡)thepractice.Consumersactingrationallyoughtnottopaymorethantheyhavetoforagivenservice.Tipsshouldnotexist.Sowhydothey?Theconventionalwisdomisthattipsbothrewardtheeffortsofgoodserviceandreduceuncomfortablefeelingsofinequality.Thebettertheservice,thebiggerthetip.ButaccordingtonewresearchfromCornellUniversity,tippingnolongerservesanyusefulfunction.Thepaperanalysesdatafrom2,547groupsdiningat20differentrestaurants.Thecorrelationbetweenlargertipsandbetterservicewasveryweak:onlyatinypartofthevariabilityinthesizeofthetiphadanythingtodowiththequalityofservice.Customerswhoratedamealas"excellent"stilltippedanywherebetween8%and37%ofthemealprice.Tippingisbetterexplainedbyculturethanbyeconomics.InAmerica,thecustomhasbecomeinstitutionalized:itisregardedaspartoftheacceptedcostofaservice.InaNewYorkrestaurant,failingtotipatleast15%couldwellmeanabusefromthewaiter.Hairdresserscanexpecttoget15－20%,themanwhodeliversyourgroceries$2.InEurope,tippingislesscommon；inmanyrestaurants，discretionary（自由決定的）tippingisbeingreplacedbyastandardservicecharge.InmanyAsiancountries,tippinghasneverreallycaughtonatall.Howtoaccountforthesenationaldifferences?AccordingtoMichaelLynn,theCornellpaper'sco-author,countriesinwhichpeoplearemoreextrovert,sociableorneurotictendtotipmore.Tippingrelievesanxietyaboutbeingservedbystrangers.And,saysMr.Lynn,"inAmerica,wherepeopleareoutgoingandexpressive,tippingisaboutsocialapproval.Ifyoutipbadly,peoplethinklessofyou.Tippingwellisachancetoshowoff."Icelanders,bycontrast,donotusuallytip--ameasureoftheirintroversion,nodoubt.Whilesuchexplanationsmaybecrude,thehardtruthseemstobethattippingdoesnotwork.Itdoesnotbenefitthecustomer.Nor,inthecaseofrestaurants,doesitactuallyencouragethewaiter,orhelptherestaurantmanagertomonitorandassesshisstaff.Servicepeopleshould"justbepaidadecentwage",whichmayactuallymakeeconomicsense.
題目： Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage?（） - A 、Tipping is very popular in America
- B 、Better service deserves bigger tip
- C 、Discretionary tipping is not reasonable
- D 、Tipping embodies one's social status
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參考答案【正確答案：C】
A項僅僅指出了文中所論述的一個現(xiàn)象；B項是公眾的普遍看法，并非作者的觀點；D項是文章后面論述的一個次要觀點，并不能概括全文的主旨。
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- A 、Body temperature may serve as an indication of a worker’s performance
- B 、The selection of a number of permanent night shift workers has proved to be the best solution to problems of the round-the-clock working system
- C 、Taking body temperature at regular intervals can show how a person adapts to the changes of routine
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- 2 【閱讀理解A】 Which of the following word best describes the author's attitude towards the Cornell paper?（）
- A 、Positive
- B 、Negative
- C 、Indifferent
- D 、Disapproval
- 3 【閱讀理解A】 Which of the following is the main force to cause the later attainment of psychological maturity?（）
- A 、The change in human physical constitution
- B 、The demand to accommodate to the changed world
- C 、The natural desire to stay young and vigorous
- D 、The extension of formal education
- 4 【閱讀理解A】 Which of the following statements is true?（）
- A 、In the future, the role of managers is going to be weakened little by little
- B 、According to Davenport, it is more significant to improve workers manual skills
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- 5 【閱讀理解A】 Which of the following statements is NOT true of scientists in earlier times?（）
- A 、They invented false theories to explain things they didn’t understand
- B 、They falsely claimed to know all about nature
- C 、They did not believe in results from scientific observation
- D 、They paid little attention to the problems they didn’t understand
- 6 【閱讀理解A】 Which of the following can best summarize the main idea of this text？（）.
- A 、The moral decaying deserves more research by sociologists
- B 、Marriage break-up stems from sex inequalities
- C 、 Husband and wife have different expectations from their marriage
- D 、Conversational patterns between man and wife are different
- 7 【閱讀理解A】 Which of the following statements can best summarize the author’s view in the passage?（）
- A 、The stability of marriage and the divorce rate may reflect the economic situation of the country
- B 、Even when economically independent, most women have to struggle for real equality in marriage
- C 、In order to secure their marriage women should work outside the home and remain independent
- D 、The impact of the growing female workforce on marriage varies from case to case
- 8 【閱讀理解A】According to the passage, with which of the following statements would the author most likely agree?（）
- A 、Persons who suffer from a sleep disorder do not necessarily consult with their physician
- B 、Persons who are sleep deprived are more vulnerable to respiratory problems like the common cold and influenza
- C 、Poor sleep habits can affect people’s risk of becoming overweight in the short run
- D 、The identification of sleep deprivation in nurses is not so important as in drivers for maintaining safe
- 9 【閱讀理解A】Which of the following best summarizes this passage?
- A 、Secret Savers.
- B 、Love Is What It’s Worth.
- C 、Banking Honesty.
- D 、Once Bitten, Twice Shy.
- 10 【閱讀理解A】Which of the following best summarizes this passage?
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- B 、Love Is What It's Worth.
- C 、Banking Honesty.
- D 、Once Bitten, Twice Shy.
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