- 閱讀理解A
題干：ManyAmericansregardthejurysystemasaconcreteexpressionofcrucialdemocraticvalues,includingtheprinciplesthatallcitizenswhomeetminimalqualificationsofageandliteracyareequallycompetenttoserveonjuries;thatjurorsshouldbeselectedrandomlyfromarepresentativecrosssectionofthecommunity;thatnocitizenshouldbedeniedtherighttoserveonajuryonaccountofrace,religion,sex,ornationalorigin;thatdefendantsareentitledtotrialbytheirpeers;andthatverdictsshouldrepresenttheconscienceofthecommunityandnotjusttheletterofthelaw.Thejuryisalsosaidtobethebestsurvivingexampleofdirectratherthanrepresentativedemocracy.Inadirectdemocracy,citizenstaketurnsgoverningthemselves,ratherthanelectingrepresentativestogovernforthem.Butasrecentlyasin1968,juryselectionproceduresconflictedwiththesedemocraticideals.Insomestates,forexample,jurydutywaslimitedtopersonsofsupposedlysuperiorintelligence,education,andmoralcharacter.AlthoughtheSupremeCourtoftheUnitedStateshadprohibitedintentionalracialdiscriminationinjuryselectionasearlyasthe1880caseofStrauderv.WestVirginia,thepracticeofselectingso-calledeliteorblue-ribbonjuriesprovidedaconvenientwayaroundthisandotheranti-discriminationlaws.Thesystemalsofailedtoregularlyincludewomenonjuriesuntilthemid-20thcentury.AlthoughwomenfirstservedonstatejuriesinUtahin1898,itwasnotuntilthe1940sthatamajorityofstatesmadewomeneligibleforjuryduty.Eventhenseveralstatesautomaticallyexemptedwomenfromjurydutyunlesstheypersonallyaskedtohavetheirnamesincludedonthejurylist.Thispracticewasjustifiedbytheclaimthatwomenwereneededathome,anditkeptjuriesunrepresentativeofwomenthroughthe1960s.In1968,theCongressoftheUnitedStatespassedtheJurySelectionandServiceAct,usheringinaneweraofdemocraticreformsforthejury.Thislawabolishedspecialeducationalrequirementsforfederaljurorsandrequiredthemtobeselectedatrandomfromacrosssectionoftheentirecommunity.Inthelandmark1975decisionTaylorv.Louisiana,theSupremeCourtextendedtherequirementthatjuriesberepresentativeofallpartsofthecommunitytothestatelevel.TheTaylordecisionalsodeclaredsexdiscriminationinjuryselectiontobeunconstitutionalandorderedstatestousethesameproceduresforselectingmaleandfemalejurors.
題目： Even in the 1960s, women were seldom on the jury list in some states because（）. - A 、they were automatically banned by state laws
- B 、they fell far short of the required qualifications
- C 、they were supposed to perform domestic duties
- D 、they tended to evade public engagement
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參考答案【正確答案：C】
A. 州法律自動禁止；B. 她們遠遠沒有達到規(guī)定的資格；C. 她們應該去完成家庭職責；D. 她們傾向于逃避公眾參與
文章第三段末句：This practice was justified by the claim that women were needed at home, and it kept juries unrepresentative of women through the 1960s.（這種做法（排除女性陪審）的解釋是家庭需要女性。于是，整個20世紀60年代，女性都被排除在陪審團外。故答案選C。
您可能感興趣的試題- 1 【單選題】American women were（）the right to vote until 1920 after many years of hard struggle.
- A 、ignored
- B 、neglected
- C 、refused
- D 、denied
- 2 【單選題】He（）the fight for full "civil rights" for women in Japan for ten years.
- A 、led
- B 、guided
- C 、directed
- D 、instructed
- 3 【單選題】Even when textbooks are（）through a school system, methods of teaching may vary greatly.
- A 、commonplace
- B 、standardized
- C 、competitive
- D 、generalized
- 4 【單選題】Even if this possibility did not（）to close scrutiny, his theory would still be true.
- A 、look up
- B 、stand up
- C 、keep up
- D 、hold up
- 5 【單選題】To a disabled person, even 50 meters( )a long distance to cover.
- A 、is
- B 、are
- C 、mean
- D 、were
- 6 【閱讀理解A】 From the principles of the U.S. jury system, we learn that（）.
- A 、 both literate and illiterate people can serve on juries
- B 、defendants are immune from trial by their peers
- C 、no age limit should be imposed for jury service
- D 、 judgment should consider the opinion of the public
- 7 【閱讀理解A】 After the Jury Selection and Service Act was passed,（）.
- A 、sex discrimination in jury selection was unconstitutional and had to be abolished
- B 、educational requirements became less rigid in the selection of federal jurors
- C 、 jurors at the state level ought to be representative of the entire community
- D 、states ought to conform to the federal court in reforming the jury system
- 8 【閱讀理解A】 In discussing the U.S. jury system, the text centers on（）.
- A 、its nature and problems
- B 、its characteristics and tradition
- C 、its problems and their solutions
- D 、its tradition and development
- 9 【閱讀理解A】Judging from the skills women specialize in they might be suitable to be a/an_____.
- A 、engineer
- B 、worker
- C 、nurse
- D 、long-distance runner
- 10 【閱讀理解B】Even if the bureau's arbitration process is fruitless
- A 、business always emphasized themaintenance of customers.
- B 、they can directly get the service they need.
- C 、few customers will appeal to claims court.
- D 、impoliteness is a kind of bad service.
- E 、theyregard retailing as a temporary job.
- 、they have spent much time on TV and computers.
- 、shoppers are usually strident, frustrated and impatient.
熱門試題換一換
- It is not Jane but her brothers who( )to blame.
- 說明下面句子中“我班同學”是集合還是非集合概念。 （1）我班同學學習數(shù)學這門課。 （2）我班同學具有許多專業(yè)背景。 （3）小馬是我班同學。 （4）我班同學來自祖國各地。 （5）我班同學比三班同學學習認真，但考試成績卻不如三班好。
- 已知 （）。
- 直線y=x+b是拋物線的切線。（） （1）有且僅有一個交點 （2）
- a+b+c+d+e的最大值是133。（） （1）a，b，c，d，e是大于1的自然數(shù)，且abcde= 2700 （2）a，b，c，d，e是大于1的自然數(shù)，且abcde= 2000
- 某商品按七五折出售可獲得7.8%。（） （1）該商品按八折出售可獲利15% （2）該商品按原價出售可獲利75%
- （5）
- （19）
- （18）
- The word “coax” (Para.6) is closest in meaning to（）.
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