2019年MBA考試《英語(yǔ)》考試共48題，分為英譯漢和寫(xiě)作和完形填空和閱讀理解A和閱讀理解B。小編為您整理第六章 短文翻譯5道練習(xí)題，附答案解析，供您備考練習(xí)。

1、

    One of the chief concerns of wildlife management is the protection and improvement of the nature habitat so that animals have enough food and water to survive. Wildlife management involves care of the soil to produce good vegetation; it also involves care of plants, not only as a source of food, but also as protection. Animals need cover to hide from their natural enemies and to raise their young safely.

    Just as crops are harvested, wildlife too must sometimes be“harvested”. By allowing limited hunting, good management can control certain species that threaten to overpopulate their habitat.

答案解析:

      野生動(dòng)物管理部門(mén)首要關(guān)心的事就是保護(hù)和改善它們的自然棲息地以使動(dòng)物們有足夠的食物和水來(lái)生存。野生動(dòng)物管理部門(mén)專注于保護(hù)土壤，培育出良好的植被，他們還專注于保護(hù)植物，植物不僅能作為野生動(dòng)物的食物來(lái)源，還能作為它們的保護(hù)者。動(dòng)物需要用植物來(lái)掩護(hù)自己以躲避天敵和安全地?fù)嵊约旱暮⒆印?/p>

       就像莊稼收獲一樣，野生動(dòng)物有時(shí)候也必須被“收獲”，通過(guò)允許有限的捕獵，好的管理部門(mén)能控制某些物種使他們不至因過(guò)度繁殖而威脅到他們的棲息地。

2、

    A San Francisco fast food restaurant has opened with no waiting staff or cashiers and instead dispenses its meals using a giant vending machine.　

    Customers of Eatsa, in the middle of the city's financial district, order their dishes on iPads, which are prepared by staff in a hidden kitchen and delivered to the fully automated “cubbies”.  

    According to Tim Young, Eatsa's co-founder, the company is reinventing fast food by combining the speed and affordability of fast food with the delicious flavors and nutritious ingredients of premium fast casual. “By developing new technology to automate every aspect of the food experience, we are able to deliver a product with the best qualities of premium fast casual at a price point that is accessible to everyone.” 

    The customers order their food using a virtual cashier, who retains details of previous purchases allowing tailored suggestions. When the food is ready, the dish is delivered to an individual glass door “cubby” which shows personalized graphics allowing the customer to quickly identify their own lunch.

答案解析:

       舊金山一家快餐店開(kāi)張了，不過(guò)店里沒(méi)有服務(wù)生和收銀員，只有一臺(tái)巨大的自動(dòng)販賣機(jī)分發(fā)食物。

       這家店名叫伊特薩，位于舊金山金融中心區(qū)，顧客在掌上電腦上點(diǎn)餐，顧客看不到后廚，員工做好后會(huì)把食物放進(jìn)全自動(dòng)販賣機(jī)中。

       伊特薩的合資人蒂姆?楊(Tim Young)表示，“快餐食品快速便捷，優(yōu)質(zhì)便餐美味營(yíng)養(yǎng)，通過(guò)兩者的結(jié)合，公司正在徹底改造快餐。通過(guò)發(fā)展新技術(shù)，將用餐體驗(yàn)的每一環(huán)節(jié)自動(dòng)化，我們有能力提供價(jià)格親民、質(zhì)量最好的快餐。

       店內(nèi)虛擬收銀員負(fù)責(zé)點(diǎn)餐，虛擬收銀員還保留顧客的點(diǎn)餐記錄，由此提供量身定做的就餐建議。食物備好后會(huì)被送到獨(dú)立的玻璃門(mén)“小隔間”，上面會(huì)顯示個(gè)性化的圖像，以便顧客快速識(shí)別自己的食物。

3、

    For the past five years, Tianjin University in northern China has provided free accommodation for parents in what it calls “tents of love.” Other schools let parents sleep on mats in school gymnasiums.

    Images of school gyms packed with parents have been widely shared on Chinese social media prompting a debate on whether China’s only children are treated too kindly and generously. Some have voiced criticism of Tianjin University, saying that they think both the parents and the children should be more independent.

    China’s children are often doted on by parents and two sets of grandparents, prompting fears that China has produced a generation of “l(fā)ittle emperors” unable or unwilling to take care of themselves.

    Some experts think that the problem is overstated. They claimed that for some families, it’s their way to celebrate the first-ever family member who’s able to go to college. There’s nothing wrong with sharing the happiness.

答案解析:      過(guò)去五年來(lái)，天津大學(xué)一直為家長(zhǎng)們提供免費(fèi)住處，并將其稱為“愛(ài)的帳篷”。其它學(xué)校也讓家長(zhǎng)借宿在學(xué)校體育館的墊子上。
      學(xué)校體育館里擠滿家長(zhǎng)的圖片在中國(guó)的社交媒體上廣泛流傳，引起了人們對(duì)中國(guó)獨(dú)生子女是否太過(guò)嬌慣的爭(zhēng)論。有人批評(píng)天津大學(xué)的做法，他們認(rèn)為家長(zhǎng)和孩子都應(yīng)該更加獨(dú)立。
      中國(guó)的千禧一代，常常是被爸媽哄著，爺爺奶奶姥姥姥爺寵著，使人擔(dān)心中國(guó)培養(yǎng)了一代“小皇帝”，不愿意自理或缺乏自理能力。
      一些專家認(rèn)為，問(wèn)題嚴(yán)重性被夸大了。他們認(rèn)為，對(duì)一些家庭來(lái)說(shuō)，這是對(duì)家里出了第一位大學(xué)生的慶祝方式，分享這份喜悅沒(méi)什么不對(duì)的。

4、

    Primary socialization refers to the training of children during their earliest years, whereas secondary socialization refers to later influences on the development of the child's personality and learning activities, such as his involvement with teachers and with other children at school. Primary socialization is in most societies carried out essentially within the family as part of child rearing. In the modern family, parents take responsibility for raising and teaching their children such basic things as language and correct behavior. Toilet training, teaching children how to eat correctly, and encouraging children to get along with others are all aspects of child rearing.

    However, it is not only these more mundane aspects of behavior that children learn. Children are also implicitly encouraged to develop the values of the parents and of the society in which they live. In American society, which was Parson's main concern, these values include independence, motivation for achievement, and competition. In other societies, different values, such as cooperation and egalitarianism, may be stressed. Yet the principle behind primary socialization in different societies is the same: the development of social values must be achieved in an environment of love and security, as is found in the ideal family anywhere in the world.

答案解析:        初級(jí)社會(huì)化指的是兒童早期的訓(xùn)練，中級(jí)社會(huì)化關(guān)注的是對(duì)兒童人格發(fā)展和學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)的影響，比如說(shuō)他們?cè)趯W(xué)校和老師，同學(xué)的交往。初始社會(huì)化在大多數(shù)社會(huì)中是通過(guò)家庭扶養(yǎng)完成的。在現(xiàn)代家庭中，父母扶養(yǎng)和教育子女一些最基礎(chǔ)的東西，比如語(yǔ)言，正確的行為。扶養(yǎng)子女包括教孩子用廁所，正確地吃東西，鼓勵(lì)孩子和別人相處等等。
        然而兒童不僅是在這些平凡的事情中學(xué)習(xí)。他們也潛移默化地學(xué)會(huì)大人對(duì)社會(huì)價(jià)值的看法。在Parson所關(guān)注的美國(guó)社會(huì)，這些價(jià)值觀包括獨(dú)立，進(jìn)取，和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。另外的社會(huì)可能會(huì)強(qiáng)調(diào)不同的觀念，比如合作，平等。然而，在不同社會(huì)，初級(jí)社會(huì)化背后的準(zhǔn)則卻是一樣的：社會(huì)價(jià)值觀的培養(yǎng)必須在一個(gè)充滿愛(ài)和安全感的環(huán)境中進(jìn)行，世界上任何一個(gè)完美的家庭都創(chuàng)造了這樣的一種環(huán)境。

5、

    Almost invariably the better looking the person in the picture, the higher the person is rated. In the phrase, borrowed form Sappho, that the social scientists use to sum up the common perception, what is beautiful is good.

    In business, however, good looks cut both ways for women, and deeper than for men. A Utah State University professor, who is an authority on the subject, explains: In terms of their careers, the impact of physical attractiveness on males is only modest. But its potential impact on females, can be tremendous, making it easier, for example, for the more attractive to get jobs where they are in the public eye. On another note, though, there is enough literature now for us to conclude that attractive women who aspire（追求）to managerial positions do not get on as well as women who may be less attractive.

答案解析:        結(jié)果幾乎完全一致，照片上越好看的人受到好評(píng)程度越高。社會(huì)科學(xué)家借用桑坡的話來(lái)總結(jié)這一普遍觀念，即漂亮的就是好的。
        然而在商界，容貌出眾給婦女帶來(lái)了雙重影響。而且這種影響比對(duì)男性的影響更大。一位這方面的權(quán)威猶他州立大學(xué)教授解釋說(shuō)：就他們的職業(yè)而言，相貌出眾對(duì)男性的影響適中。但它對(duì)女性的潛在影響則是巨大的。例如，在公眾眼中相貌出眾的女性更容易找到工作。然而另一方面，現(xiàn)在有足夠的文獻(xiàn)資料可以使我們得出結(jié)論，在爭(zhēng)取管理職位時(shí)，漂亮的女人往往不如那些長(zhǎng)得不太漂亮的婦女機(jī)會(huì)多。