- 閱讀理解A
題干：Whatwouldmakeasmokermorelikelytoquit,abigrewardforsucceedingoralittlepenaltyforfailing?ThatiswhatresearcherswantedtoknowwhentheyassignedalargegroupofCVSemployees(CVSCaremarkisthecountry'slargestdrugstorechainbysales),theirrelativesandfriendstodifferentsmokingcessationprograms."Addingabitofastickwasmuchbetterthanapurecarrot.Theselargeemployersarespendinganaverageof$800to$900peremployeeperyear,butinwaysthatareoftenblindtonormalhumanpsychology"saidDr.ScottHalpern,wholedthestudy.Thetrialwasintendedtochangethat.Researchersrandomlyassignedtheparticipantstoanumberofprogramoptionsandletthemdecidewhethertheywantedtoparticipate.Thepenaltyprogramrequiredparticipantstodeposit$150;sixmonthslater,thosewhohadquitsmokingwouldgetthedepositback,alongwitha$650reward.Intherewardonlyprogram,participantsweresimplyofferedan$800paymentiftheystavedoffcigarettesforsixmonths.Thetrial,whichwasdescribedinTheNewEnglandJournalofMedicineonWednesday,wasthelargestyettotestwhetherofferingpeoplefinancialincentivescouldleadtobetterhealth.Researchersfoundthatofferingincentiveswasfarmoreeffectiveingettingpeopletostopsmokingthanthetraditionalapproachofgivingfreesmokingcessationhelp,suchascounselingornicotinereplacementtherapylikegum,medicationorpatches.Buttheyalsofoundthatrequiringa$150depositthatwouldbelostifthepersonfailedtostayoffcigarettesforsixmonthsnearlydoubledthechancesofsuccess.“Thisisanoriginalsetoffindings,”saidCassR.Sunstein,aHarvardlawprofessorwhohelpeddevelopsomeinfluentialideasinthefieldofbehavioraleconomics,notablythatifthesocialenvironmentcanbechanged--forexample,bypostingsimplewarnings--peoplecanbenudgedintobetterbehavior."Theycouldbeappliedtomanyhealthissues,likealcoholism,orwheneverpeoplefaceseriousself-controlproblems."Overall,successeludedmostofthestudyparticipants.Morethan80percentofsmokersinthemostpopularpurerewardsgroupwerestillsmokingattheendofthestudy.Evenso,researcherssay,theirsuccessratewasfargreaterthanforthosewhogotthetraditionaltreatment.SmokingisthelargestcauseofpreventabledeathintheUnitedStates.Diseaseslinkedtoitkillmorethan480,000Americansayear.Andevenasmalldeclinecouldhaveabighealtheffect.
題目：According to Cass R. Sunstein, the findings of study can be used in the following fields EXCEPT the field of ( ). - A 、warnings
- B 、alcoholism
- C 、health problems
- D 、self-control issues
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參考答案【正確答案：A】
根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Cass R. Sunstein定位到第四段。由該段最后一句“這些發(fā)現(xiàn)可以應(yīng)用到很多健康問題方面，如酗酒，或是人面臨嚴(yán)重自我控制問題的時候”可知，B項“酗酒”屬于C項“健康問題”，而C項和D項“自我控制問題”都屬于這些發(fā)現(xiàn)的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域。A項“警告”與文章中的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域無關(guān)，符合題干，故A項為正確答案。
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- A 、provides clues for people who are critical of us
- B 、indicates our likes and dislikes in choosing a career
- C 、has a direct influence on the way people regard us
- D 、is of particular importance when we get on in age
- 2 【閱讀理解A】 According to the passage, doctors are most successful when they are（）.
- A 、authoritative
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- 3 【閱讀理解A】 According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?（）
- A 、Cutting down alcohol use may help stop drug-abuse
- B 、Among the illegal drugs, cocaine is very popular among kids
- C 、Heavy pot smokers are heavy drinkers
- D 、Giving up pot smoking may contribute to abandoning other illegal drugs
- 4 【閱讀理解A】 According to the passage, in which of the following ways does the pressure to appoint women to corporate boards differ from the pressure to employ women in the work force?（）
- A 、Corporate boards are under less pressure because they have such a small number of openings
- B 、Corporate boards have received less pressure from stockholders, consumers, and workers within companies to include women on their boards
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- 5 【閱讀理解B】Olaf Street Study
- A 、originates from a long walk that the artist took
- B 、 illustrates a kind of landscape-orientated light conceptual art
- C 、reminds people of the English landscape painting tradition
- D 、represents the elegance of the British land art
- E 、depicts the ordinary side of the British land art
- 、embodies a romantic escape into the Scottish outdoors
- 、contains images from different parts of the same photograph
- 6 【閱讀理解A】 According to Caroyln Freeman of Revelation Marketing, （）.
- A 、the old stick with products they learned to love in their youth
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- 7 【閱讀理解A】 Why is it not handy to study film?（）
- A 、Because screenplay is not as well written as literary works
- B 、Because a film cannot be effectively represented by a printed screenplay
- C 、Because a film is too complicated to be studies
- D 、Because publishers prefer to publish literary works
- 8 【閱讀理解A】Hancock’s study focuses on_____.
- A 、the consequences of lying in various communications media
- B 、the success of communications technologies in conveying ideas
- C 、people’s references in selecting communication technologies
- D 、people’s honesty levels across a range of communications media
- 9 【閱讀理解A】The experts' study on the problem of erosion can_____.
- A 、lead to its eventual solution
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- C 、help to prevent it from worsening
- D 、warn people whose homes are in danger
- 10 【閱讀理解B】Olaf Street Study
- A 、originates from a long walk that the artist took.
- B 、illustrates a kind of landscape-orientated light conceptual art.
- C 、reminds people of the English landscape painting tradition.
- D 、represents the elegance of the British land art.
- E 、depicts the ordinary side of the British land art.
- 、embodies a romantic escape into the Scottish outdoors.
- 、contains images from different parts of the same photograph.
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