2019年職稱英語考試《理工類》考試共65題，分為單選題和多選題和判斷題和計算題和簡答題和不定項。小編為您整理精選模擬習(xí)題10道，附答案解析，供您考前自測提升！

1、Meet Your Memory
Memory is something that cannot be seen, touched or weighed. It is thought to be abstract. It is a set of skills rather than an object. Neither is there a single standard for judging a good or poor memory. There are a number of different ways in which a person may have a "good" memory.
Memory is generally viewed as consisting of three stages: (1) acquisition refers to learning the material; (2) storage refers to keeping the material in the blain until it is needed; and (3) retrieval (提取) refers to getting the material back out when it is needed.
Memory consists of at least two different processes: short-term memory and long-term memory. Short-term memory has a limited capacity and a rapid forgetting rate. Its capacity can be increased by chunking (組成大塊), or grouping separate bits of information into larger chunks. Long-term memory has an almost unlimited capacity.
One measure of memory is recall, which requires you to produce information by searching the memory for it. In aided recall, you are given cues (提示) to help you produce the information. In free-recall learning, you recall the material in any order; in serial learning, you recall it in the order it was presented; and in paired-associate learning, you learn pairs of words so that when the first word is given, you can recall the second word. A second measure of memory is recognition in which you do not have to produce the information from memory, but must be able to identify it when it is presented to you. In a third measure of memory, relearning, the difference between how long it took to learn the material the first time and how long it takes to learn it again indicates how much you remember. Relearning is generally a more sensitive measure of memory than is recognition because relearning shows retention (保持) while recognition does not. Recognition is generally a more sensitive measure than recall.
Paragraph 2 ______.
【單選題】

A.Why do we forget things?

B.How do we measure memory?

C.What are the stages memory consists of?

D.What is the difference between short-term memory and long-term memory?

E.What is memory?

F.Who may have a poor memory?

正確答案:C

答案解析:第二段只有一句話，主要講述了記憶的形成主要包括三個階段，即獲得、儲存和提取。C選項What are the stages memory consists of?（記憶是由哪幾個階段組成？）與其意思相符，故C為正確答案。

2、While serving in the Senate in the early 1970s Barbara Jordan supported legislation to ban discrimination and to deal with environment problems. 【單選題】

A.list

B.forbid

C.handle

D.investigate

正確答案:B

答案解析:forbid和ban都表示“禁止、不準(zhǔn)、不許”；handle:拿、處理、應(yīng)付、控制；investigate：調(diào)查。

3、English and English Community
1 There is no doubt that English is a useful language. The people who speak English today make up the largest speech community in the world with the exception of speakers of Chinese.
2 A speech community is similar to other kinds of communities. The people who make up the community share a common language. Often they live side by side, as they do in a neighborhood, a village, or a city. More often they form a whole country. National boundaries, however, are not always the same as the boundaries of a speech community. A speech community is any group of people who speak the same language no matter where they happen to live.
3 We may say that anyone who speaks English belongs to the English speech community. For convenience, we may divide the speakers into two groups: one in which the speakers use English as their native language, the other in which the speakers learn English as a second language for the purpose of education, commerce, and so on.
4 Learning a second language extends one's vision and expands the mind. The history and literature of a second language record the real and fictional lives of people and their culture; a knowledge of them adds to our ability to understand and to feel as they feel. Learning English as a
second language provides another means of communication through which the window of the entire English speech community becomes a part of our heritage.
Paragraph 1____
【單選題】

A.Threat Posed by English

B.Definition ofa Speech Community

C.Benefits ofLeaming a Second Language

D.Advantages of Learning Chinese

E.Two Groups ofthe English Speech Community

F.A Widely Used Language

正確答案:F

答案解析:文章第1段介紹說世界上除了漢語之外，應(yīng)用最廣的就是英語了。

4、Snow Ranger
The two things, snow and mountains, which are needed for a ski area are the two things that cause avalanches, large mass of snow and ice crushing down the side of a mountain, often called "White Death. "
It was the threat of the avalanche and its record as a killer of man in the western mountains that created the snow ranger. He first started on avalanche control work in the winter of 1937, 38 at Alta, Utah, in Wasatch National Forest.
This mountain valley was becoming well known to skiers. It was dangerous. In fact, more than 120 persons had lost their lives in 1936 and another 200 died in 1937 as a result of avalanches before it became a major ski area.
Thus, development of Alta and other major ski resorts in the west was dependent upon controlling the avalanche. The Forest Service set out to do it, and did with its corps of snow rangers.
It takes many things to make a snow ranger. The snow ranger must be in excellent physical condition. He must be a good skier and a skilled mountain climber. He should have at least a high school education, and the more college courses in geology, physics, and related fields he has, the better.
He studies snow, terrain, wind, and weather. He learns the conditions that produce avalanches. He learns to forecast avalanches and to bring them roaring on down the mountainsides to reduce their killing strength. The snow ranger learns to do this by using artillery, by blasting with TNT, and by the difficult and skillful art of skiing avalanches down.
The snow ranger, dressed in a green parka which has a bright yellow shoulder patch, means safety for people on ski slopes. He pulls the trigger on a 75 mm. Recoilless rifle, skis waist deep in powder testing snow stability, or talks with the ski area's operator as he goes about his work to protect the public from the hazards of deep snow on steep mountain slopes.
The snow rangers are employees of____.
【單選題】

A.the Forest Service.

B.the Resource Bureau.

C.the Tourist Board.

D.the Sports Bureau.

正確答案:A

答案解析:借助備選答案的特點：答案都是專有名詞（首字母都大寫且名詞前有定冠詞the），所以可在文章中迅速查找首字母大寫的專有名詞然后確認(rèn)答案。很容易在第4段中發(fā)珊‘The Forest Service set out to do it，and did with its crops of snow rangers”，該句說“森林服務(wù)部和它的護雪場工作人員隊伍一起著手做這件事（指控制雪崩）并且做到了”，于是確認(rèn)答案是A。

5、Rodman met with Tony to try and settle the dispute over his contract.【單選題】

A.solve

B.avoid

C.mark

D.involve

正確答案:A

答案解析:羅得曼和托尼會面，試圖解決有關(guān)他合同的爭論。本題難度不大，是送分題，干擾項干擾不強。settle的意思是“解決”，和solve“解決”是同義詞，involve指“包含，牽涉”，答案是A。

6、Walking to Exercise the Brain
Do you think sitting and studying all the time will improve students grades? Think again. Getting some exercise may help, too.
New research with older people suggests that taking regular walks helps them pay attention better than if they didn't exercise.
Previous research had shown that mice learn, remember and pay attention better after a few weeks of working out on a running wheel. Mice that exercise have greater blood flow to the brain than those who don't. Their brain cells also make more connections.
Neuroscientists (神經(jīng)科學(xué)家) from the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign wanted to find out if the same thing is true for people. First, they measured the physical fitness of 41 adults, ages 58 to 77, after each person walked I mile. Then, participants looked at arrows on a computer screen and had to use computer keys to show which way one particular arrow was pointing.
Adults who were physically fit were faster at the arrow task, and their answers were just as accurate as their less - fit peers, the researchers found. The fitter participants also had more blood flow to a part of their brain responsible for paying attention and making decisions.
In a second study, 15 elderly people who completed a 6 - month aerobic - training (有氧運動) course were faster at attention tasks compared with 14 seniors who just did stretching and toning (韻律操) exercises for the same amount of time.
So, even going for a walk every 2 or 3 days for just 10 to 45 minutes can help. That should be good news for the elderly.
The effects of exercising on the brains of younger people haven't been studied yet. Still, it can't hurt to take occasional breaks and go for a walk or run around with friends. Whatever you do, though, don't try to read and walk at the same time. You could end up hurting yourself!
Walking regularly helps elderly people ______.【單選題】

A.lose weight

B.become happier

C.concentrate better

D.look younger

正確答案:C

答案解析:本題難度不大，找到答案依據(jù)不難。答案依據(jù)在文章第二段。第二段談到新的研究表明，相對于不鍛煉，經(jīng)常散步有助于幫助老年人更好集中精力，回來看選項，很明顯，C是近義解釋，是答案。

7、Meet Your Memory
1. Memory is something that cannot be seen, touched or weighed. It is thought to be abstract. It is a set of skills rather than an object. Neither is there a single standard for judging a good or poor memory. There are a number of different ways in which a person may have a good memory.
2. Memory is generally viewed as consisting of three stages: (1) acquisition refers to learning the material; (2) storage refers to keeping the material in the brain until it is needed; (3) retrieval (提取) refers to getting the material back out when it is needed:
3. Memory consists of at least two different processes: short - term memory and long - term memory. Short - term memory has a limited capacity and a rapid forgetting rate. Its capacity can be increased by chunking (組成大塊), or grouping separate bits of information into larger chunks. Long - term memory has an almost unlimited capacity.
4. One measure of memory is recall, which requires you to produce information by searching the memory for it. In aided recall, you are given cues (提示) to help you produce the information. In free - recall learning you recall the material in any order. In serial learning you recall it in the order it was presented and in paired - associate learning you learn pairs of words so that when the first word is given you can recall the second word. A second measure of memory is recognition, in which you do not have to produce the information from memory, but must be able to identify it when it is presented to you. In a third measure of memory, relearning, the difference between how long it took to learn the material the first time and how long it takes to learn it again indicates how much you remember. Relearning is generally a more sensitive measure of memory than is recognition because relearning shows retention (保持) while recognition does not. Recognition is generally a more sensitive measure than recall.
As a measure of memory, relearning is more sensitive than ______.
【單選題】

A.short - term memory

B.relearning

C.needed

D.coded

E.recognition

F.slow forgetting rate

正確答案:E

答案解析:本題難度不大，答案依據(jù)比較明顯，在文章第四段倒數(shù)第二句：Relearning is generally a more sensitive measure of memory than is recognition because…談到作為測試記憶力的方法來說，再學(xué)習(xí)比識別更靈敏，回來看選項，E項recognition符合原文句意，是答案。

8、Water
The second most important constituent (構(gòu)成成份) of the biosphere (生物圈) is liquid water. This can only exist in a very narrow range of temperatures, since water freezes at 0℃ and boils at 100℃. Life as we know it would only be possible on the surface of a planet which had temperatures somewhere within this narrow range.
The earth's supply of water probably remains fairly constant in quantity. The total quantity of water is not known very accurately, but it is about enough to cover the surface of the globe to a depth of about two and three - quarter kilometers. Most of it is in the form of the salt water of the oceans about 97 percent. The rest is fresh, but three -quarters of this is in the form of ice at the Poles and on mountains, and cannot be used by living systems until melted. Of the remaining fraction, which is somewhat less than one percent of the whole, there is 10 -20 times as much stored underground water as there is actually on the surface. There is also a tiny, but extremely important fraction of the water supply which is present as water vapour in the atmosphere.
Water vapour in the atmosphere is the channel through which the whole water circulation (循環(huán)) of the biosphere has to pass. Water evaporated (蒸發(fā)) from the surface of the oceans, from lakes and rivers and from moist (潮濕的) earth is added to it. From it the water comes out again as rain or snow, falling on either the sea or the land. There is, as might be expected, a more intensive evaporation per unit area over the sea and oceans than over the land, but there is more rainfall over the land than over the oceans and the balance is restored by the runoff from the land in the form of rivers.
There is more rainfall ______.
【單選題】

A.over the mountains than over the rivers

B.over the rivers than over the mountains

C.over the oceans than over the land

D.over the land than over the oceans

正確答案:D

答案解析:本題難度不大，答案依據(jù)比較明顯，在文章第三段第四句，談到陸地降雨量大于海洋上的降雨量，河流又從陸地流向海洋，恢復(fù)了水量平衡，回來看選項，D項是其近義解釋，所以正確，答案是D。

9、I'd very much like to know what your aim in life is.【單選題】

A.thought

B.idea

C.goal

D.plan

正確答案:C

答案解析:我很想知道你的人生目標(biāo)是什么。本題有一定難度，雖然選項都是常用詞匯，但干擾項干擾較大。aim和goal都有“目標(biāo)”的意思，是近義詞，A項指“思想”，B項指“想法”，D項指“計劃”，最佳答案是C。

10、One Good Reason to Let Smallpox Live
It's now a fair bet that we will never see the total extinction (滅絕) of the smallpox (天花) virus. When smallpox was completely got rid of in the world, scientists wanted to destroy the killer virus in the last two labs, one in the US and one in Russia. They asked: If smallpox has truly gone from the planet, what point was there in keeping these reserves?
In reality, of course, it was naive to imagine that everyone would let go of such a powerful potential weapon. Undoubtedly several nations still have a few vials (小藥瓶). And the last "official" stocks of live Virus bred mistrust of the US and Russia, _____ no obvious gain.
Now American researchers have found an animal model of the human disease, opening the way for tests on new treatments and vaccines(疫苗). So once again there's a good reason to the virus, just in keep the disease puts in a reappearance.
How do we case with the mistrust of the US and Russia? deal. Keep the virus Simple international support in a well - guarded UN laboratory that's open to all countries. The US will object, of course, just as it with a multilateral (多邊的) approach to just about everything. But it doesn't mean the idea is rejects. If the virus is useful, then let's wrong it the servant of all humanity make not just a part of it.
【單選題】

A.in

B.for

C.at

D.of

正確答案:B

答案解析:本題有一定難度，考查for的用法，for除了做介詞外，還可做連詞，表示“因為”，文章此處是說“……因為沒有獲得明顯的收獲”，答案是B。