2020年職稱英語考試《衛(wèi)生類》考試共65題，分為單選題和多選題和判斷題和計算題和簡答題和不定項。小編為您整理精選模擬習題10道，附答案解析，供您考前自測提升！

1、Exercise
Whether or not exercise adds to the length of life, it is common experience that a certain amount of regular exercise improves the health and contributes a feeling of well-being. Furthermore, exercise which involves play and recreation, and relieves nervous tension and mental fatigue in so doing, is not only pleasant but beneficial.
How much and what kind of exercise one should take merits careful consideration. The growing child and the normal young man and young woman thrill with the exhilaration of strenuous sports. They fatigue to the point of exhaustion but recover promptly with a period of rest. But not so with those of middle age and beyond. For them moderation is of vital importance. Just how much exercise a person of a given age can safely take is a question hard to answer. Individual variability is too great to permit of generalization. A game of tennis may be perfectly safe for one person of forty but folly for another. The safe limit for exercise depends on the condition of the heart, the condition of the muscles, the type of exercise, and the regularity with which it is taken. Two general suggestions, however, will serve as sound advice for anyone. The first is that the condition of the heart and general health should be determined periodically by careful, thorough physical examinations. The other is that exercise should be kept below the point of physical exhaustion.
What type of exercise one should ____ depends upon one's physical condition. Young people can safely enjoy vigorous competitive sports, but most older persons do bet ter to limit themselves to less strenuous activities. Walking, swimming, skating are among the sports that one can enjoy and safely participate in throughout life. Regularity is important if one is to get the most enjoyment and benefit out of exercise.
【單選題】

A.endure

B.choose

C.rebuild

D.produce

正確答案:B

答案解析:四個選項中A、C、D三個選項的意思與上下文相去甚遠，只有B項合適。one?should?choose是用來作前面主語的定語從句，在定語從句中省略了賓語that/which。

2、Reduce Packaging
Pressure increased recently on British supermarkets and retailers to reduce packaging as part of an anti - waste campaign. The campaign was initiated by The Independent newspaper. Britain generates 4.6 million tons of household waste every year by packaging.
Dozens of people have expressed anger at the excess of plastic wrapping. Campaigners have called on Britain to learn from other European countries, In Belgium, when you buy something in a plastic or glass container, you make a deposit. When returned bottles are put in a vending machine 自動售貨機, the deposit is refunded. Environmentalists warn that Britain lags behind in this.
There were reports of growing unease among consumers over the amount of packaging they have to deal with. Trade standards officers also object to excessive packaging. This is because too much padding can give buyers a false impression of what they are buying.
In response to a campaign by Britain's The Independent newspaper, leading supermarkets have pointed to various initiatives to win the public confidence. ____
But campaigners said retailers and the government could learn much from anti - waste practices on the Continent. In Sweden, non - recyclable batteries have been taxed since 1991 to encourage a switch to alternatives. This has resulted in a 74 percent reduction in sales. In Germany, plastic bags are unheard of in supermarkets and deposits are paid for reusable plastic and glass beverage bottles.
【單選題】

A.If a product is over packaged, don't buy it.

B.In Belgium, when you buy something in a plastic or glass container, you make a deposit.

C.This is because too much padding can give buyers a false impression of what they are buying.

D.This has resulted in a 74 percent reduction in sales.

E.Tesco said it was saving 112,000 tons of cardboard a year by switching to reusable plastic crates (裝貨箱) for transporting its fresh produce.

F.The campaign was initiated by The Independent newspaper.

正確答案:E

答案解析:本題有一定難度。要認真閱讀文章，理解好句意，判斷出敘述邏輯，可使用排除法和代入法。本題的上句談到了超市也發(fā)起各類活動以贏得公眾的信任，可以推斷此處應該舉例說明一下，回來看選項，可以發(fā)現E項合適，把E項代入文中，符合上下文邏輯，是答案。

3、The Need to Remember
Some people say they have no memory at all: "I just can't remember a thing!" But of course we all have a memory. Our memory tells us who we are. Our memory helps U. S. to make use in the present of what we have learnt in the past.
In fact we have different types of memory. For example, our visual memory helps us recall facts and places. Some people have such a strong visual memory that they can remember exactly what they have seen, for example, pages of a book, as a complete picture.
Our verbal memory helps us remember words and figures we may have heard but not seen or written: items of a shopping list, a chemical formula, dates, or a recipe.
With our emotional memory, we recall situations or places where we had strong feelings, perhaps of happiness or unhappiness. We also have special memories for smell, taste, touch and sound, and for performing physical movements.
We have two ways of storing any of these memories. Our short-term memory stores items for up to thirty seconds-enough to remember a telephone number while we dial. Our long-term memory, on the other hand, may store items for a lifetime. Older people in fact have a much biter long-term memory than short-term. They may forget what they have done only a few hours ago, but have the clearest remembrance of when they were very young.
Psychologists tell us that we only remember a few facts about our past, and that we invent the rest. It is as though we remember only the outline ofa story. We then make up the details. We often do this in the way we want to remember them, usually so that we appear as the heroes of our own past, or maybe victims needing sympathy.
Verbal memory helps us read words we have never heard.【單選題】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正確答案:B

答案解析:核心詞是：verbal memory. 該段文字是說：我們的言語記憶能幫助我們記住我們可能聽到的但是沒有看見或寫過的詞和數字，如：一張購物單里所列出的商品，一個化學公式，日期或者一個藥方。而題目的內容則是說：語言記憶能幫我們讀我們從沒聽到的詞。顯然，這與文章的含義是完全不同的。

4、The?document?was?compiled?by?the?Department?of?Health.【單選題】

A.written

B.printed

C.attached

D.sent

正確答案:A

答案解析:題干大意：這一文件由衛(wèi)生部擬寫。compile意為“編輯、編寫”，如：compile?an?encyclopedia（編輯一本百科全書）。write意為“寫”，最符合題意，如：He?has?written?many?books.（他已寫過很多書。）print意為“印刷”。如：print?the?final?copy?of?your?essay（打印作文的終稿）。attach意為“系，貼”，如：attach?a?label?to?the?product（給商品貼上商標）。send意為“送”，如：He?sent?her?some?flowers.（他給她送了些花。）

5、Human Heart Can Make New Cells
Solving a longstanding (為時甚久的) mystery, scientists have found that the human heart continues to generate new cardiac(心臟的 ) cells throughout the life span, although the rate of new cell production slows with age.
The finding, published in the April 3 issue of Science, could open a new path for the treatment of heart diseases such as heart failure and heart attack, experts say.
"We find that the beating cells in the heart, cardiomyocytes (心肌細胞), are renewed," said lead researcher Dr. Jonas Frisen, a professor of stem cell research at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden. "It has previously not been known whether we were limited to the cardiomyocytes we are born with or if they could be renewed," he said.
The process of renewing these cells changes over time, Frisen added. In a 20 - year - old, about I percent of cardiomyocytes are exchanged each year, but the turnover (更替) rate decreases with age to only 0.45 percent by age 75.
"If we can understand how the generation of new cardiomyocytes is regulated, it may be potentially possible to develop pharmaceuticals (藥物) that promote this process to stimulate regeneration after, for example, a heart attack," Frisen said.
That could lead to treatment that helps restore damaged hearts.
"A lot of people suffer from chronic heart failure," noted co - author Dr. Ratan Bhardwaj, also from the Karolinska Institute. "Chronic heart failure arises from heart cells dying," he said.
With this finding, scientists are "opening the door to potential therapies (療法) to having ourselves heal ourselves." Bhardwaj said. "Maybe one could devise a pharmaceutical agent that would make heart cells make new and more cells to overcome the problem they are facing. "
But barriers remain. According to Bhardwaj, scientists do not yet know how to increase heart cell production to a rate that would replace cells faster than they are dying off, especially in older patients with heart failure. In addition, the number of new cells the heart produces was estimated using healthy hearts-whether the rate of cell turnover in diseased hearts is the same remains unknown.
The finding could prove to be useful to ______.【單選題】

A.the analysis of cardiac cells

B.the prevention of chronic diseases

C.the treatment of heart diseases

D.the study of longstanding mysteries

正確答案:C

答案解析:本題有一定難度，需要吃透原文句意。帶著題干信息詞回文章定位，答案依據在文章第二段，談到專家稱這項發(fā)現會為例如心臟衰竭、心臟病等的治療開辟新道路，回來看選項，C項和原文句意相符，是答案。

6、Lower Body Fat Means Better Performance
These days, fashion models and pop stars are not the only people who have to watch their waistline. Football players who miss a few kicks and let their belly hanging out a little too much are likely to be attacked by rabid fans or even the president of a country.
The latest football star to draw the attention of the "fat police" is Barcelona's Ronaldinho, 26. Last Friday, a Spanish sports daily published two photos of the Brazilian star without his shirt. One was taken in November 2003; the other was taken this month. In the most recent one, the star's waistline seems to have a little extra padding.
Another Spanish sports daily published similar before-and-aider photos and argued that the star has "lost his explosiveness and velocity" and is "worn out". The cause, according to the news paper, is his poor physical fitness.
However, the player's coach, Frank Rijkaard, insists that he's satisfied with Ronaldinho's form and fitness. And after Barcelona's victory over Athletic Bibao on Sunday, Ronaldinho challenged photographers to take pictures of him when he took off his shirt.
"I don't have anything to hide," he said.
Fellow Brazilian ronaldo, 30, of Real Madrid, faced similar criticism before the 2006 World Cup. But the criticism didn't come from a bunch of sports reporters: It came from the president of Brazil.
"So, what is it?" Brazil's President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva asked the national soccer team's coach in his office last June, according to the Associated Press. "Is he [ronaldo]fat or not?"
"He is very strong, president," Carlos Alberto Parreira reportedly said at the time. "He is not that boy anymore. His body type has changed. "
The game of footfall demands that players put as much emphasis on fitness as they can do on dribbling, passing or shooting.
During a proper training regimen, football players normally follow a load-fatigue-recovery pattern. They push their body toward a higher mark of fitness and experience a slight and brief drop in performance. Then they begin the recovery process, which will ideally carry their performance to an even higher plane.
However, sometimes non-physical factors can influence a player's poor fitness. In Ronaldinho's case, for instance, people, often unnamed, have blamed everything from the pressure of contract negotiations to personal problems and too many advertising commitments.
People like football stars more than they like pop stars.
【單選題】

A.Right

B. Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正確答案:C

答案解析: 句子說的是：比起流行歌曲歌星來，人們更喜歡球星。文章沒有提到。

7、Intellectual Disability
People with intellectual disability form one of the largest single disability groups in a community. Intellectual disability refers to a general slowness to learn and function within society, and the identification of intellectual disability is usually based on an assessment of a person's performance in a variety of tests. An individual's level of performance, as assessed, can change with time and circumstances. With skilled training and opportunity for development, people with intellectual disability have much greater potential for acquiring skills and for participation in community life than previously had been thought possible.
In many western societies, five categories of intellectual disability have traditionally been used in order to indicate the perceived degree of difficulty an individual has with learning. All five may occur in either children, adolescent or adult, and show as mild, moderate, severe, profound or multiple intellectual disability.
For the majority of intellectual disabilities, there is no identifiable cause but there are some causes that are well documented. They include: brain damage at birth due to lack of oxygen—prolonged labor during childbirth; brain damage before birth due to factors such as rubella (風疹), drug or diet-related problems; damage after birth due to illnesses such as encephalitis(腦膜炎) or accident; hereditary defects in the genes; abnormal chromosome count resulting in, for example, Down Syndrome(唐氏綜合癥).
Like everyone else, people with an intellectual disability need a rewarding job, a satisfying place to live and a good social life. But they may need extra support to achieve these things. Good support services are based on the principle of normalization—which means enabling people to be part of the community like everyone else,
With the introduction of the intellectually disabled into communities, there is a need to promote awareness of communication. Although many people may have little experience in talking with an intellectually disabled person, there are common guidelines that can simplify the interaction. Firstly, it is useful to remember that people with disabilities have feelings. Speaking in the same friendly manner as you would to anyone else is also recommended. Being prepared to wait a little longer for replies during a conversation with an intellectually disabled person would undoubtedly benefit the exchange.
Paragraph 2____.
【單選題】

A.What do people with an intellectual disability need

B.What is intellectual disability

C.How do people with an intellectual disability talk

D.What are the forms of intellectual disability

E.What causes intellectual disability

F.How do you talk to a person with an intellectual disability

正確答案:D

答案解析:第二段主題句為第一句，其意思是：在許多西方國家，傳統(tǒng)意義上的智力障礙會被分為五個范疇來表示智力障礙者學習能力的水平。由此推斷，該段回答了D選項“What are the forms of intellectual disability?”所提問題，故D為正確答案。

8、College Night Owls Have Lower Grades
College students who are morning people tend to get better grades than those who are night owls(晚睡的人), according to University of North Texas researchers.
They had 824 undergraduate(大學本科生的) students complete a health survey that in cluded questions about sleep habits and daytime functioning, and found that students who are morning people had higher grade point averages(GPAs) than those who are night people.
"The finding that college students who are evening types have lower GPAs is a very important finding, sure to make its way into undergraduate psychology texts in the near future, along with the research showing that memory is improved by sleep," study co - author Daniet J. Taylor said in a prepared statement.
"Further, these results suggest that it might be possible to improve academic performance by using chronotherapy (時間療法) to help students retrain their biological clock to become more morning types," Taylor said.
The research was expected to be presented Monday at SLEEP, the annual meeting of the Associated Professional (專業(yè)的) Sleep Societies, in Baltimore.
In other findings expected to be heard at the meeting, University of Colorado researchers found a significant association between insomnia (失眠) and a decline in college students' academic performance.
The study included 64 psychology, nursing and medical students, average age 27. 4 years, who were divided into two groups—low GPAs and high GPAs.
Among those with low GPAs,69.7 percent had trouble falling asleep,53.1 percent experienced leg kicks or twitches (痙攣) at night, 65.6 percent reported waking at night and having trouble falling back to sleep, and 72.7 percent had difficulty concentrating during the day.
"In college students, the complaint of difficulty concentrating during the day continues to have a considerable impact on their ability to succeed in the classroom," study author Dr. James F. Pagel said in a prepared statement. "This study showed that disordered sleep has significant harmful effects on a student's academic performance, including GPAs."
In the second study, students with low GPAs did NOT complain of ______.【單選題】

A.having trouble falling asleep

B.waking at night and having trouble falling back to sleep

C.having difficulty concentrating during the day

D.being kicked in the leg at night

正確答案:D

答案解析:本題難度不大，答案依據比較明顯，答案依據是文章倒數第二段，本段談到了成績較低的學生中有53. 1%的人晚上會踢腿或痙攣，但沒有提到腿被踢，答案是D。

9、Musical Training Can Improve Communication Skills
American scientists say musical training seems to improve communication skills and language retardation. They found that developing musical skills involves the same process in the brain as learning how to speak. The scientists believe that could help children with learning disabilities.
Nina Kraus is a neurobiologist at Northwestern University in Illinois. She says musical training involves putting together different kinds of information, such as hearing music, looking at musical notes, touching an instrument and watching other musicians. This process is not much different from learning how to speak. ____.
She further explains musical training and learning to speak each make us think about what we are doing. She says speech and music pass through a structure of the nervous system called the brain stem. The brain stem controls our ability to hear. Until recently, experts have thought the brain stem could not be developed or changed. But Professor Kranss and her team found that musical training can improve a person's brain stem activity.
The study involved individuals with different levels of musical ability. They were asked to wear an electrical device that measures brain activity. The individuals wore the electrode while they watched a video of someone speaking and a person playing a musical instrument ---- the cello.
Professor Krauss says cellos have sound qualities similar to some of the sounds that are important with speech. The study found that the more years of training people had, the more sensitive they were to the sound and rhythm of the music. Those who were involved in musical activities were the same people in whom the improvement of sensory events was the strongest. It shows the importance of musical training to children with learning disabilities. She says using music to improve listening skills could mean they hear sentences and understand facial expressions better.
【單選題】

A.Both involve different senses.

B.Nina Kraus is a neurobiologist at Northwestern University in Illinois.

C.Some disabled children attended the musical training Class.

D.It shows the importance of musical training to children with learning disabilities.

E.Professor Krauss says cellos have sound qualities similar to some of the sounds that are important with speech.

F.The brain stem controls our ability to hear.

正確答案:A

答案解析:本段的第二、三句說，音樂訓練和學習這兩件事沒有什么：很大的不同。選項A的Both involve different senses解釋了為什么這么說，因為兩者都涉及不同的感官，也就是上文所列舉的hearing music（耳聽），looking at musical notes／watching other musicians（眼看），touching an instrument（手觸）等。

10、I?enjoyed?the?play;?it?had?a?clever?plot?and?very?funny?dialogues.【單選題】

A.long

B.original

C.humorous

D.boring

正確答案:C

答案解析:題干大意：我很喜歡那個游戲——它有巧妙的情節(jié)和有趣的對話。long意為“長的，長遠的”；original意為“原始的，原創(chuàng)的”，例如：He?can?read?Shakespeare?in?the?original.（他能讀莎士比亞作品的原文。）boring意為“乏味的，無聊的”；humorous意為“幽默的，滑稽的”，例如：Indeed?he?has?a?solemn?face，but?he?is?very humorous?at?heart.（他的確有一副嚴厲的臉孔，但內心卻很富幽默感。）