2022年職稱英語(yǔ)考試《理工類》考試共65題，分為單選題和多選題和判斷題和計(jì)算題和簡(jiǎn)答題和不定項(xiàng)。小編每天為您準(zhǔn)備了5道每日一練題目（附答案解析），一步一步陪你備考，每一次練習(xí)的成功，都會(huì)淋漓盡致的反映在分?jǐn)?shù)上。一起加油前行。

1、Breastfeeding Can Cut Cardiovascular RiskBreastfeeding can reduce the risk of a heart attack ｏｒstroke later in life ａｎｄ　could prevent hundreds of thousands of deaths each year, researchers said on Friday. Babies who are breastfed have fewer childhood infections ａｎｄ　allergies ａｎｄ　are less prone to obesity. British scientists have now shown that breastfeeding ａｎｄ　slow growth in the first weeks ａｎｄ　months of life has a protective effect ______ cardiovascular disease. "Diets that promote more rapid growth put babies at risk many years later in terms of raising their blood pressure, raising their cholesterol ａｎｄ　increasing their tendency to diabetes ａｎｄ　obesity-the four main risk factors fｏｒstroke ａｎｄ　heart attack." said ProfessｏｒAlan Lucas of the Institute of Child Health in London. "Our evidence suggests that the reason why breast-fed babies do better is because they grow more slowly in the early weeks."Lucas said the effects of breastfeeding on blood pressure ａｎｄ　cholesterol later in life are greater than anything adults can do to control the risk factors fｏｒcardiovascular disease, other than taking drugs. An estimated 17 million people die of cardiovascular disease, particularly heart attack ａｎｄ　strokes, each year, according to the World Health Organization. Lucas ａｎｄ　his colleagues compared the health of 216 teenagers who as babies had either been breastfed ｏｒgiven different nutritional baby formulas\' They reported their findings in The Lancet medical journal. The teenagers who had been breastfed had a 14 percent lower ratio of bad to good cholesterol ａｎｄ　lower concentrations of a protein that is a marker fｏｒcardiovascular disease risk. The researchers also found that regardless of the child\'s weight at birth, the faster the infants grew in the early weeks ａｎｄ　months of life, the greater was their later risk of heart disease ａｎｄ　stroke. The effect was the same fｏｒboth boys ａｎｄ　girls. "The more human milk you have in the newborn period, the lower your cholesterol level is, the lower your blood pressure is 16 years later, "Lucas said. 【單選題】

A.against

B.towards

C.onto

D.upon

正確答案:A

答案解析:各選項(xiàng)是介詞，因此注意搭配結(jié)構(gòu)：effect通常是和介詞on搭配，但被選項(xiàng)中沒(méi)有該介詞。再注意搭配結(jié)構(gòu)語(yǔ)意：心血管疾病具有保護(hù)性的影響。因此判斷A（預(yù)防）合適。

2、He is renowned fｏｒhis skill.【單選題】

A.remembered

B.recommended

C.praised

D.well-known

正確答案:D

答案解析:題干大意：他以他的技能而出名。畫(huà)線詞renowned：知名的。如：Einstein is a renowned physicist. 愛(ài)因斯坦是一位知名的物理學(xué)家。well-known和renowned同義。recommended：受到推薦的。praised：受到表?yè)P(yáng)的。故答案選D。

3、BudgetA budget is a spending plan. It can help you spend money wisely. It can do this by cutting out wasteful spending. Of course, preparing a budget takes planning, ａｎｄ　following a budget takes will power. Your budget should meet your family\'s needs ａｎｄ　income. The first step in creating a budget is to ｓｅｔyour goals. What does your family need ａｎｄ　wants. You must know this to work out the details of the budget. Keep goals realistic, in terms of income available. Then decide which goals are the most important. The next step is estimating family income. Before you can plan wisely, you need to know how much money you have to spend! Write down all the money you expect to receive (wages, savings, interest, etc.) during the planned budget period. After you have calculated how much money will be available, it is time to estimate expenses. List all of your family expenses. If you are not satisfied with what you got fｏｒyour money, look carefully at your spending. Studying your records will show where overspending has occurred. It will also point out poｏｒbuying habits. It is also a good idea to ｓｅｔaside a small amount of money fｏｒemergencies. Every family has small emergencies: a blown tire, a broken device, ｏｒthe need fｏｒminｏｒmedical care. In carrying out your budget, you need ____. 【單選題】

A.to have the ability to control yourself

B.to ask your family members fｏｒadvice

C.to cut it down as much as possible

D.to take care not to buy expensive things

正確答案:A

答案解析:“preparing a budget takes planning，ａｎｄ　following a budget takes will power”意思是“準(zhǔn)備一項(xiàng)預(yù)算需要計(jì)劃，而執(zhí)行（follow在這里是執(zhí)行的意思）一項(xiàng)計(jì)劃則需要will power（意志力），也就是ability to control yourself（控制自己的能力）”。

4、Light Night, Dark StarsThousands of people around the globe step outside to gaze at their night sky. On a clear night, with no clouds, moonlight, ｏｒartificial lights to block the view, people can see more than 14,000 stars in the sky, says Dennis Ward, an astronomer(天文學(xué)家) with the University Corporation fｏｒAtmospheric Research( UCAR) in Boulder, Colo. But when people are surrounded by city lights, he says, they\'re lucky to see 150 stars.If you\'ve ever driven toward a big city at night ａｎｄ　seen its glow from a great distance, you\'ve witnessed light pollution. It occurs when light from streetlights, office buildings, signs, ａｎｄ　other sources streams into space ａｎｄ　illuminates (照亮) the night sky. This haze (朦朧) of light makes many stars invisible to people on Earth. Even at night, big cities like New York glow from light pollution, making stargazing difficult.Dust ａｎｄ　particles of pollution factories ａｎｄ　industries worsen the effects of light pollution. "If one city has a lot more light pollution than another," Ward says, "that city will suffer the effects of light pollution on a much greater scale."Hazy skies also make it far more difficult fｏｒastronomers to do their jobs.Cities are getting larger. Suburbs are growing in once dark, rural areas. Light from all this new development is increasingly obscuring (使變模糊) the faint (微弱的) light give off by distant stars. ａｎｄ　if scientists can\'t locate these objects, they can\'t learn more about them.Light pollution doesn\'t only affect star visibility. It can harm wild life too. It\'s clear that artificial light can attract animals, making them go off course. There\'s increasing evidence, fｏｒexample, that migrating (遷徙) birds use sunsets ａｎｄ　sunrises to help find their way, says Sydney Gauthreaux Jr. , a scientist at Clemson University in South Carolina, "When light occurs at night," he says, "it has a very disruptive (破壞性的) influence." Sometimes birds fly into lighted towers, high - rises, ａｎｄ　cables from radio ａｎｄ　television towers. Experts estimate that millions of birds die this way every year.The title "Light Night, Dark Stars" means ______.【單選題】

A.the night sky is brightly lit up ａｎｄ　stars are black

B.lights appear at night ａｎｄ　stars are seen in the dark

C.city lights at night illuminate stars in the sky

D.city lights illuminate the night sky, making stars invisible

正確答案:D

答案解析:本題有一定難度，需要通讀全文，文章談到人造光源使科學(xué)家無(wú)法觀測(cè)到天空星體發(fā)出微弱光線，換句話說(shuō)，夜晚的燈光使星星變暗了，回來(lái)看選項(xiàng)，D項(xiàng)符合原文句意，是答案。

5、English ａｎｄ　English Community1 There is no doubt that English is a useful language. The people who speak English today make up the largest speech community in the world with the exception of speakers of Chinese. 2 A speech community is similar to other kinds of communities. The people who make up the community share a common language. Often they live side by side, as they do in a neighborhood, a village, ｏｒa city. More often they form a whole country. National boundaries, however, are not always the same as the boundaries of a speech community. A speech community is anyｇｒｏｕｐof people who speak the same language no matter where they happen to live. 3 We may say that anyone who speaks English belongs to the English speech community. Fｏｒconvenience, we may divide the speakers into two groups: one in which the speakers use English as their native language, the other in which the speakers learn English as a second language fｏｒthe purpose of education, commerce, ａｎｄ　so on. 4 Learning a second language extends one\'s vision ａｎｄ　expands the mind. The history ａｎｄ　literature of a second language record the real ａｎｄ　fictional lives of people ａｎｄ　their culture; a knowledge of them adds to our ability to understａｎｄ?。幔睿洹o feel as they feel. Learning English as asecond language provides another means of communication through which the window of the entire English speech community becomes a part of our heritage. The boundaries of a speech community may be different from____. 【單選題】

A.a second language

B.the same language

C.the same speech community

D.any other language

E.national boundaries

F.a part ofone\'s heritage

正確答案:E

答案解析:從文章第2段可知，a speech community的邊界與一個(gè)國(guó)家的邊界有可能不同。