2021年職稱英語(yǔ)考試《衛(wèi)生類》考試共65題，分為單選題和多選題和判斷題和計(jì)算題和簡(jiǎn)答題和不定項(xiàng)。小編為您整理精選模擬習(xí)題10道，附答案解析，供您考前自測(cè)提升！

1、Gun Rights in the US Immediately after the shooting at Virginia Tech University, Americans gathered to mourn the dead. The president and the state governor both hurried there to share the grief. But the majority of Americans still cling to their right to own weapons. Strictly speaking, the US is not the only country where gun violence has destroyed lives, families and communities in everyday circumstance. But the US is one of the few countries that seems unwilling and politically incapable of doing anything serious to stop it. In countries like Britain and Canada. The government adopted stricter gun control soon after serious gun violence incidents. US leaders, however, are held hostage by the gun lobby and the electoral system. The powerful National Rifle Association, the major supporter of gun rights in the US, is too strong for any party to take on. Most Republicans oppose gun controls anyway. Over the years, the Democrats have found that they can either campaign for gun control or win power, not both; they prefer power. According to the US Bureau of Justice Statistics, firearm incidents accounted for nine percent of the 4.7 million violent crimes in 2005. So, although opinion polls show most Americans want stricter gun laws, many don\'t want to give up their arms they keep to protect themselves. Dave Hancock, a Virginia gun lover, is one example. In an interview he said. "If one professor in Virginia incident had been carrying a legal weapon they might have been able to ____ all this. " In his opinion, the massacre is an argument for more people to carry, weapons, not fewer. But at the root of Americans\' clinging to the right to bear arms is not just a fear of crime, but a mistrust of government , commented UK\'s Guardian newspaper. One Virginia resident, who had a permit to carry; a concealed firearm, told the Guardian thin itwas every American\'s responsibility to have a gun. "Each person," he said, "should not rely solely on the government for protection. " 【單選題】

A.control

B.stop

C.handle

D.treat

正確答案:B

答案解析:本句的if條件句，用了虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示一種沒(méi)有成為現(xiàn)實(shí)的假設(shè)。即，如果在弗吉尼亞事件中，有一位教授當(dāng)時(shí)帶著一支合法的槍支的話，他們就有可能制止這一切的發(fā)生。根據(jù)語(yǔ)義應(yīng)該填入stop。

2、ExerciseWhether or not exercise adds to the length of life, it is common experience that a certain ____ of regular exercise improves the health and contributes a feeling of well-being. Furthermore, exercise which involves play and recreation, and relieves nervous tension and mental fatigue in so doing, is not only pleasant but beneficial.How much and what kind of exercise one should take merits careful consideration. The growing child and the normal young man and young woman thrill with the exhilaration of strenuous sports. They fatigue to the point of exhaustion but recover promptly with a period of rest. But not so with those of middle age and beyond. For them moderation is of vital importance. Just how much exercise a person of a given age can safely take is a question hard to answer. Individual variability is too great to permit of generalization. A game of tennis may be perfectly safe for one person of forty but folly for another. The safe limit for exercise depends on the condition of the heart, the condition of the muscles, the type of exercise, and the regularity with which it is taken. Two general suggestions, however, will serve as sound advice for anyone. The first is that the condition of the heart and general health should be determined periodically by careful, thorough physical examinations. The other is that exercise should be kept below the point of physical exhaustion.What type of exercise one should choose depends upon one\'s physical condition. Young people can safely enjoy vigorous competitive sports, but most older persons do bet ter to limit themselves to less strenuous activities. Walking, swimming, skating are among the sports that one can enjoy and safely participate in throughout life. Regularity is important if one is to get the most enjoyment and benefit out of exercise.【單選題】

A.heaviness

B.highness

C.amount

D.number

正確答案:C

答案解析:在四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，A和B顯然不符合邏輯，可供考慮的只有C和D。需要考慮的是，exercise這個(gè)詞如果作為“體育鍛煉”講是不可數(shù)名詞，只有作為“一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)”講時(shí)才是可數(shù)名詞。根據(jù)上下文意思，exercise也不是用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)體育項(xiàng)目的（沒(méi)有用復(fù)數(shù)），而amount正好與不可數(shù)名詞連用，number則須與可數(shù)名詞連用，故C為正確答案。

3、Cooking Oil Fumes Cause TumorThe leading cause of lung cancer among women in the city was cooking oil fumes while men are more likely to develop the disease from smoking, said medical experts after a fiveyear research study.Doctors announced the results yesterday with analysis on some new tendencies in lung cancer, They said patients are younger, especially women.According to the Shanghai Tumor research Institute, more local residents die of lung cancer in the city than anything else. Following breast cancer, it has the second-highest incidence rate."An unhealthy lifestyle is a very important reason for lung cancer," said Dr He Yumin from Shanghai Minshen Traditional Chinese Medicine Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment Center.He followed 2,276 lung cancer patients for five years. Among them, 1,433 were male.Smoking causes 70 percent of cases among men while only 18 percent of female patients developed cancer from smoking or inhaling second-hand smoke, according to the report.However, more than 60 percent of women with the disease had long term, close contact with strong oil fumes from cooking and complained about irritated eyes and throat.About 32 percent of women fried foods in boiling oil in unventilated kitchens and about 25 percent of women\'s bedrooms were adjacent to the kitchen.However, local women were surprised to learn cooking oil fumes could lead to cancer. Some claimed they may change food preparation methods. "Unless my family and I don\'t eat at home every day, I must stay in the kitchen to cook," said Xu Li, a 45-year-old local woman. "I know the fumes are bad for the skin, but it is the first time I heard that it can result in lung cancer. I have already started frying less. "Doctors said women\'s lung cancer had few links to personal health and physical condition, but was closely related to family cancer history, unhealthy dietary habits and weak immune systems.Other experts agreed with him."Smoking is by far the biggest cause of lung cancer for men," said Dr. Tan Binyong, honorary president of the Respiratory Disease Institute at Fudan University\'s Medical College. "It\'s true that second-hand smoke and cooking fumes are the main causes among women. "His research also warned people not to stand near of stalls selling fried foods due to the poor quality of oils used.The chance of catching lung cancer is three times higher if exposed to the fume for a long time, experts said.What a new tendency in lung cancer is concluded by the researchers?【單選題】

A.Men are more likely to develop lung cancer than women

B.Women are more likely to develop lung cancer than men

C.Patients with lung cancer become older, especially males

D.Patients with lung cancer become younger, especially females

正確答案:D

答案解析:主旨題。題干考查的是研究者關(guān)于肺癌新趨勢(shì)的結(jié)論。答案參見(jiàn)第二段：They said patients are younger，especially women（肺癌的新趨勢(shì)就是“病人更年輕，尤其是婦女”）。故正確答案為D。

4、CancerCancer is a group of many related diseases that begin in cells, the body\'s basic building blocks. The body is made up of many types of cells. Normally cells grow and divide to produce more cells as they are needed to keep the body healthy. Sometimes, this orderly process goes wrong. New cells form when the body does not need them, and old cells do not die when they should. The extra cells form a mass of tissue called a growth or tumor. Benign (良性的) tumors are not cancer. They can often be removed and, in most cases, they do not come back. Malignant (惡性的) tumors are cancer. Cells in malignant tumors are abnormal and divide without control or order.Scientists have learned that cancer is caused by changes in genes that normally control the growth and death of cells. Certain lifestyle and environmental factors can change some normal genes into genes that allow the growth of cancer. Many gene changes that lead to cancer are the result of tobacco use, diet, exposure to ultraviolet radiation from the sun, or exposure to carcinogens (致癌物) in the workplace or in the environment. Some gene alterations are inherited.Cancer treatment can include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy （化療), hormone therapy, and biological therapy. The doctor may use one method or a combination of methods, depending on the type and location of the cancer, whether the disease has spread, the patient\'s age and general health, and other factors. Because treatment for cancer can also damage healthy cells and tissues, it often causes side effects. Patients and doctors generally discuss the treatment options, weighing the likely benefits of killing cancer cells and the risks of possible side effects.Having cancer does not always mean having pain. Whether a patient has pain may depend on the type of cancer, the extent of the disease, and the patient\'s tolerance for pain. Most pain occurs when the cancer grows and presses against bones, organs, or nerves. Pain may also be a side effect of treatment. However, pain can generally be relieved or reduced with prescription medicines or over-the-counter drugs recommended by the doctor.Paragraph 4____.【單選題】

A.Does cancer always cause pain

B.Can cancer be prevented

C.What is cancer

D.How common is cancer

E.What causes cancer

F.How is cancer treated

正確答案:A

答案解析:第四段主題句為第一句，其意思是：患有癌癥并不意味著總會(huì)疼痛。由此推斷，該段回答了A選項(xiàng)“Does cancer always cause pain?”所提問(wèn)題，故A為正確答案。

5、Can you do the task alone, or do you want anyone to assist you?【單選題】

A.aim

B.help

C.show

D.guide

正確答案:B

答案解析:assist和help同義：幫助；aim:瞄準(zhǔn)、打算；show:顯示、出示；guide:向?qū)?、指?dǎo)、帶領(lǐng)。

6、College Night Owls Have Lower GradesCollege students who are morning people tend to get better grades than those who are night owls(晚睡的人), according to University of North Texas researchers.They had 824 undergraduate(大學(xué)本科生的) students complete a health survey that in cluded questions about sleep habits and daytime functioning, and found that students who are morning people had higher grade point averages(GPAs) than those who are night people."The finding that college students who are evening types have lower GPAs is a very important finding, sure to make its way into undergraduate psychology texts in the near future, along with the research showing that memory is improved by sleep," study co - author Daniet J. Taylor said in a prepared statement."Further, these results suggest that it might be possible to improve academic performance by using chronotherapy (時(shí)間療法) to help students retrain their biological clock to become more morning types," Taylor said.The research was expected to be presented Monday at SLEEP, the annual meeting of the Associated Professional (專業(yè)的) Sleep Societies, in Baltimore.In other findings expected to be heard at the meeting, University of Colorado researchers found a significant association between insomnia (失眠) and a decline in college students\' academic performance.The study included 64 psychology, nursing and medical students, average age 27. 4 years, who were divided into two groups—low GPAs and high GPAs.Among those with low GPAs,69.7 percent had trouble falling asleep,53.1 percent experienced leg kicks or twitches (痙攣) at night, 65.6 percent reported waking at night and having trouble falling back to sleep, and 72.7 percent had difficulty concentrating during the day."In college students, the complaint of difficulty concentrating during the day continues to have a considerable impact on their ability to succeed in the classroom," study author Dr. James F. Pagel said in a prepared statement. "This study showed that disordered sleep has significant harmful effects on a student\'s academic performance, including GPAs."Mr. Taylor believed that the finding of their study would soon ______.【單選題】

A.be criticized by psychology students

B.be confirmed by psychological studies

C.be included in undergraduate psychology texts

D.become the most popular psychology text

正確答案:C

答案解析:本題難度不大，答案依據(jù)比較明顯，答案依據(jù)是文章第三段第一句，談到研究結(jié)果一定會(huì)在不久將來(lái)被收錄到本科心理學(xué)教材中，回來(lái)看選項(xiàng)，C項(xiàng)和原文句意相符，是答案。

7、Nurse ! I Want My MummyWhen a child is ill in hospital, a parent\'s first reaction is to be with them.Most hospitals now allow parents to sleep overnight with their child, providing a bed or so far on the ward.But until the 1970s this practice was not only frowned upon, it was actively discouraged. Staff worried that the children were upset when their parents left, and so there was a blanket ban.A concerned nurse, Pamela Hawthorn, disagreed and her study "Nurse! I want my mummy" published in 1974 , changed the face of paediatric nursing.Martin Johnson, a professor of nursing at the University of Salford, said that the work of nurses like Pamela had changed the face of patient care."Pamela\'s study was done against the background of a lively debate in paediatrics and psychology as to the degree women should spend with children in the outside world and the degree to which they should be allowed to visit children in hospital. ""The idea was that if mum came to visit a small child in hospital the child would be upset and inconsolable for hours. ""Yet the nurse noticed that if mum did not come at all the child stayed in a relatively stable state but they might be depressed. ""Of course we know now that they had almost given up hope that mum was eve coming back. ""To avoid a little bit of pain they said that no one should visit. ""But children were alone and depressed so Hawthorn said parents should be ____ to visit. ""Dr Peter Carter, chief executive and general secretary of the Royal College of Nursing, said her work had been seminal. ""Her research put an end to the days when parents handed their children over to strangers at the door of the hospital ward. ""As a result of her work, parents and careers are now recognized as partners and are afforded the opportunity to stay with their children whilst they are in hospital, which has dramatically improved both parents\' and children\'s experience of care. "【單選題】

A.forced

B.guided

C.persuaded

D.allowed

正確答案:D

答案解析:be allowed to do sth. :被允許做某事。孩子們獨(dú)自一人悶悶不樂(lè)，因此應(yīng)該允許父母親來(lái)探視。

8、SemcoAt 21, Ricardo Semler became boss of his father-s business in Brazil, Semco, which sold parts for ships. Semler Junior worked like a madman, from 7:30 am. , until midnight every day. One afternoon, while touring a factory in New York, he collapsed. The doctor who treated him said, "There\'s nothing wrong with you. But if you continue like this, you\'ll find a new home in our hospital." Semler got the message. He changed the way he worked. In fact, he changed the way his employees worked too.He let his workers take more responsibility so that they would be the ones worrying when things went wrong. He allowed them to set their own salaries, and he cut all the jobs he thought were unnecessary, like receptionists and secretaries. This saved money and brought more equality to the company. "Everyone at Semco, even top managers, meets guests in reception, does the photocopying, sends faxes, types letters and dials the phone."He completely reorganized the office, instead of walls, they have plants at Semco, so bosses can\'t shut themselves away from everyone else. ____ As for uniforms, some people wear suits and others wear T - shirts.Semler says, "We have a sales manager named Rubin Agater who sits there reading the newspaper hour after hour. He doesn\'t even pretend to be busy. But when a Semco pump an the other side of the world fails and millions of gallons of oil are about to spill into the sea, Rubin springs into action.He knows everything there is to know about our pumps and how to fix them. That\'s when he earns his salary. No one cares if he doesn\'t look busy the rest of the time."Semco has flexible working hours, the employees decide when they need to arrive at work, The employees also evaluate their bosses twice a year. Also, Semco lets its workers use the company\'s machines for their own projects, and makes them take holidays for at least thirty days a year.It sounds perfect, but does it work? The answer is in the numbers. In the last six years, Semco\'s revenues have gone from $ 35 million to $ 212 million. The company has grown from eight hundred employees to 3,000, Why?Semler says it\'s because of "peer pressure". Peer pressure makes everyone work hard for everyone else. doing his job well, the other workers will not allow the situation to continue. In other words, Ricardo Semler treats his workers like adults and expects them to act like adults, And they do. 【單選題】

A.Also, Semco lets its workers use the company\'s machines for their own projects, and makes them take holidays for at least thirty days a year.

B.Most managers spend their time making it difficult for workers to work.

C.This saved money and brought more equality to the company.

D.And the workers are free to decorate their workspace as they want.

E.He knows everything there is to know about our pumps and how to fix them.

F.If someone isn\'t doing his job well, the other workers will not allow the situation to continue.

正確答案:D

答案解析:本題難度也較大，需要認(rèn)真閱讀文章，可用排除法和代入法。本題的上文談到了新老板重新布置了辦公室，下文轉(zhuǎn)到談?wù)摴ぷ髦品梢酝茢?，本題會(huì)接著辦公室工作環(huán)境談，回來(lái)找選項(xiàng)，D談到了員工辦公室，把D代入原文中，符合上下文邏輯，是答案。

9、PopulationThe advantages and disadvantages of large population have long been a subject of discussion among economists. ____. To feed a large population, inferior land must be cultivated and the good land worked intensively. produces less and this means a lower average income than could be obtained with a smaller population . Other economists have argued that a large population gives more scope for specialization and the development of facilities such as ports, roads and railways, which are not likely to be built unless there is a big demand to justify themOne of the difficulties in carrying out a worldwide birth control program lies in the fact that official attitudes to population growth vary from country to country depending on the level of industrial development and the availability of food and raw materials. In the developing country where a vastly expanded population is pressing hard upon the limits of food, space and natural resources, concern of government to plane a limit on the birth rate, whatever the consequences may be. In a highly industrialized society the problem may be more complex. A decreasing birth rate may lead to unemployment it results in a declining market for manufactured goods. When the pressure of population on housing declines, prices also decline and the building industry is weakened. Faced with considerations such as these, the government of a developed country may well prefer to see a slowly increasing population, rather than one which is stable or in decline.【單選題】

A.which are not likely to be built unless there is a big demand to justify them

B.It has been argued that the supply of good land is limited

C.it will be the first concern of government to plane a limit on the birth rate, whatever the consequences may be

D.Thus, each person produces less and this means a lower average income than could be obtained with a smaller population

E.A small population may mean lower productivity, but a higher average income

F.because it results in a declining market for manufactured goods

正確答案:B

答案解析:從后面一句可知，該句很可能講述的是土地的問(wèn)題。答案B說(shuō)，肥沃的土地是有限的，正好與后一句所說(shuō)的“開(kāi)墾欠肥沃的土地并精耕細(xì)作肥沃土地”相吻合，形成語(yǔ)義上的連貫。

10、ExerciseWhether or not exercise adds to the length of life, it is common experience that a certain amount of regular exercise improves the health and contributes a feeling of well-being. Furthermore, exercise which involves play and recreation, and relieves nervous tension and mental fatigue in so doing, is not only pleasant but beneficial.How much and what kind of exercise one should take merits careful consideration. The growing child and the normal young man and young woman thrill with the exhilaration of strenuous sports. They fatigue to the point of exhaustion but recover promptly with a period of rest. But not so with those of middle age and beyond. For them moderation is of vital importance. Just how much exercise a person of a given age can safely take is a question hard to answer. Individual variability is too great to permit of generalization. A game of tennis may be perfectly safe for one person of forty but folly for another. The safe limit for exercise depends on the condition of the heart, the condition of the muscles, the type of exercise, and the regularity with which it is taken. Two general suggestions, however, will serve as sound advice for anyone. The first is that the condition of the heart and general health should be determined periodically by careful, thorough physical examinations. The other is that exercise should be kept below the point of physical exhaustion.What type of exercise one should ____ depends upon one\'s physical condition. Young people can safely enjoy vigorous competitive sports, but most older persons do bet ter to limit themselves to less strenuous activities. Walking, swimming, skating are among the sports that one can enjoy and safely participate in throughout life. Regularity is important if one is to get the most enjoyment and benefit out of exercise.【單選題】

A.endure

B.choose

C.rebuild

D.produce

正確答案:B

答案解析:四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中A、C、D三個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思與上下文相去甚遠(yuǎn)，只有B項(xiàng)合適。one?should?choose是用來(lái)作前面主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)從句，在定語(yǔ)從句中省略了賓語(yǔ)that/which。