Overall Payroll Employment and Productivity Indicators：productivity

Open market operations：rate for these reserves.

Collusion in Oligopoly Market：reduced cash flow uncertainty:frequency.competition.collusion.

Exchange Rate Targeting：Exchange,volatile.policyvia market intervention.

Analysis of Market Structure：2 The degree of product differentiation;4 The relative strength of the barriers to market entry and exit:monopoly.A[PracticeC.B

Monetary and Fiscal Policy：an economic environment where growth is stable and positive and inflation is stable and low.

Economic Growth and Sustainability：Economic,GrowthPerrate of economic growth is measured by the rate of increase in the economy’s productive capacity or potentialGDP.

Aggregate Output and Income：The aggregate:incomerentAggregate Expenditure

Deflation, Hyperinflation, and Disinflation：An extremely fast increase in aggregate price:level,year.,investmentthe rate of price increases accelerates.

Why members and candidates must develop and maintain appropriate records?：actions,Cannot usehistoricalrecommendations or research reports created at the previous firm because the supporting documentation is unavailable. （不能使用以前的推薦或者研究報(bào)告,因?yàn)闆](méi)有支持?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)）For future use,CFA

What laws,rules, and regulations should be known by members and candidates?：rules，必須遵守直接相關(guān)的法律），but this may be advisable in some circumstances and required by law in others. （沒(méi)有要求一定要將違法行為報(bào)告政府）也會(huì)被認(rèn)為是參與違法行為）

What's the meaning of “market manipulation”?：distort prices or artificially inflate trading volume （扭曲價(jià)格、虛增交易量）:with the intent tomisleadmarket participants. （目的是誤導(dǎo)投資者）:如果達(dá)到一定的交易量可以減少傭金如果這種利益歸屬于客戶(hù)且披露了沒(méi)有違反市場(chǎng)操縱準(zhǔn)則）