- 閱讀理解A
題干：Everybodylovesafatpayrise.Yetpleasureatyourowncanvanishifyoulearnthatacolleaguehasbeengivenabiggerone.Indeed,ifhehasareputationforslacking,youmightevenbeoutraged.Suchbehaviourisregardedas"alltoohuman”，withtheunderlyingassumptionthatotheranimalswouldnotbecapableofthisfinelydevelopedsenseofgrievance.ButastudybySarahBrosnanandFransdeWaalofEmoryUniversityinAtlanta,Georgia,whichhasjustbeenpublishedinNature,suggeststhatitisalltoomonkey,aswell.Theresearchersstudiedthebehaviouroffemalebrowncapuchinmonkeys.Theylookcute.Theyaregood-natured，co-operativecreatures，andtheysharetheirfoodtardily.Aboveall，liketheirfemalehumancounterparts,theytendtopaymuchcloserattentiontothevalueof“goodsandservices"thanmales.SuchcharacteristicsmakethemperfectcandidatesforDr.Brosnan'sandDr.deWaal’sstudy.Theresearchersspenttwoyearsteachingtheirmonkeystoexchangetokensforfood.Normally,themonkeyswerehappyenoughtoexchangepiecesofrockforslicesofcucumber.However,whentwomonkeyswereplacedinseparatebutadjoiningchambers，sothateachcouldobservewhattheotherwasgettinginreturnforitsrock,theirbehaviourbecamemarkedlydifferent.Intheworldofcapuchinsgrapesareluxurygoods(andmuchpreferabletocucumbers).Sowhenonemonkeywashandedagrapeinexchangeforhertoken’thesecondwasreluctanttohandhersoverforamerepieceofcucumber.Andifonereceivedagrapewithouthavingtoprovidehertokeninexchangeatall,theothereithertossedherowntokenattheresearcheroroutofthechamber,orrefusedtoacceptthesliceofcucumber.Indeed，themerepresenceofagrapeintheotherchamber(withoutanactualmonkeytoeatit)wasenoughtoinduceresentmentinafemalecapuchin.Theresearchessuggestthatcapuchinmonkeys，likehumans,areguidedbysocialemotions.Inthewild,theyareaco-operative，group-livingspecies.Suchco-operationislikelytobestableonlywheneachanimalfeelsitisnotbeingcheated.Feelingsofrighteousindignation,itseems,arenotthepreserveofpeoplealone.Refusingalesserrewardcompletelymakesthesefeelingsabundantlycleartoothermembersofthegroup.However,whethersuchasenseoffairnessevolvedindependentlyincapuchinsandhumans，orwhetheritstemsfromthecommonancestorthatthespecieshad35millionyearsago,is,asyet,anunansweredquestion.
題目：What can we infer from the last paragraph? - A 、Monkeys can be trained to develop social emotions.
- B 、Human indignation evolved from an uncertain source.
- C 、Animals usually show their feelings openly as humans do.
- D 、Cooperation among monkeys remains stable only in the wild.
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參考答案【正確答案：B】
推理題。文章最后一段最后一句指出，這種公平感是在卷尾猴和人類身上各自獨立演化而 成的，還是來自3500萬年前他們共同的祖先，這還是一個懸而未決的問題。B選項就是這句 話的改寫，其中 human indignation 對應(yīng) sense of fairness, uncertain source 對應(yīng) unanswered question。因此B選項正確。
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