- 閱讀理解A
題干：Theadage"likeakidatheart"maybetruerthanwethink,sinceanewresearchisshowingthatgrown-upsaremoreimmaturethanever.Specifically,itseemsagrowingnumberofpeopleareretainingthebehaviorsandattitudesassociatedwithyouth.Asaconsequence,manyolderpeoplesimplyneverachievementaladulthood,accordingtoaleadingexpertonevolutionarypsychiatry.Amongscientists,thephenomenoniscalledpsychologicalneoteny.Thetheory’screatorisBruceCharlton,aprofessorintheSchoolofBiologyattheUniversityofNewcastleuponTyne,England.Charltonexplainedthathumanshaveaninherentattractiontophysicalyouth,sinceitcanbeasignoffertility,healthandvitality.Inthemid-20thcentury,however,anotherforcekickedin,duetoincreasingneedforindividualstochangejobs,learnnewskills,movetonewplacesandmakenewfriends.Achild-likeflexibilityofattitudes,behaviorsandknowledgeisprobablyadaptivetotheincreasedinstabilityofthemodernworld.Formaleducationnowextendswellpastphysicalmaturity,leavingstudentswithmindsthatare,hesaid,“unfinished”.Whenformaleducationcontinuesintotheearlytwenties,itprobably,toanextent,counteractstheattainmentofpsychologicalmaturity,whichwouldotherwiseoccurataboutthisage.Charltonpointedoutthepastculturesoftenmarkedtheadventofadulthoodwithinitiationceremonies.Whilethehumanmindrespondstonewinformationoverthecourseofanyindividual’slifetime,Charltonarguesthatpastphysicalenvironmentsweremorestableandallowedforastateofpsychologicalmaturity.Inhunter-gatherersocieties,thatmaturitywasprobablyachievedduringaperson’slateteensorearlytwenties.Bycontrast,manymodernadultsfailtoattainthismaturity,andsuchfailureiscommonandindeedcharacteristicofhighlyeducatedand,onthewhole,effectiveandsociallyvaluablepeople.Peoplesuchasacademics,teachers,scientistsandmanyotherprofessionalsareoftenstrikinglyimmatureoutsideoftheirstrictlyspecialistcompetenceinthesenseofbeingunpredictable,unbalancedinpriorities,andtendingtooverreact.Charltonaddedthatsincemodernculturesnowfavorcognitiveflexibility,“immature”peopletendtothriveandsucceed,andhavesetthetonenotonlyforcontemporarylife,butalsoforthefuture,whenitispossiblethatourgenesmayevenchangeasaresultofthepsychologicalshift.Thefaultsofyouthareretainedalongwiththevirtues,hebelieves.Theseincludeshortattentionspan,sensationandnovelty-seeking,shortcyclesofarbitraryfashionandasenseofculturalshallowness.Atleastyouthfulnessisnolongerrestrictedtoyouth,hesaid,duetooverallimprovementsinfoodandhealthcare,alongwithcosmetictechnologies.DavidBrooks,asocialcommentatorandacolumnistatTheNewYorkTimes,hasdocumentedasomewhatrelatedphenomenonconcerningthecurrentblurringofthebourgeoisworldofcapitalismandthebohemiancounterculture,whichCharltonbelievesisaversionofpsychologicalneoteny.Brooksbelievessuchindividualshavelostthewisdomandmaturityoftheirbourgeoispredecessorsduetomoreemphasisplacedonexpertise,flexibilityandvitality.
題目： The appropriate title for the text is（）. - A 、Maturity Results from Flexibility
- B 、Formal Education Keeps a Heart Young
- C 、Immaturity Level are Rising
- D 、Adulthood Comes in the Hard Way
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參考答案【正確答案：C】
本文從一開始就解釋了“心理幼態(tài)持續(xù)”現(xiàn)象，緊接著對(duì)造成這一現(xiàn)象的社會(huì)原因進(jìn)行了分析，因此答案選C。D選項(xiàng)具有干擾性，越來越多的成年人心理出現(xiàn)不成熟，很容易推出成熟或成年期獲得的難度加大，但屬于過度推導(dǎo)，不是文章中心的概括。
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