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Issue題目分享DAY13

第一類社會

193. "It is not the headline-making political events but the seldom-reported social transformations that have the most lasting significance."

Transformation: change

真正具有長遠意義的，不是那些被炒作的政治事件，而是那些鮮有報道的社會變化。

Agree

1. The headline-making “sensational” political events are often superficial and short-lived.

2. The commercial interests of the mass media determine their preoccupation with the news value of events rather than the social value of events.

3. Social transformations usually take place slowly, and are hard to notice at their beginning.

198. "Instead of encouraging conformity, society should show greater appreciation of individual differences."

Conformity: agreement

社會應(yīng)該多一些鼓勵個人間的差異而不是統(tǒng)一。

There is no doubt that society should encourage individuals to stand out to show their unique character and qualities.

1. Conformity leads to the death of creativity.

2. A society that encourages individual differences will benefit from the creations and vitality of its people.

3. “Whatever crushes individuality is despotism, by whatever name it may be called.” (John Stuart Mill)

203. "The best way to understand the character of a society is to examine the character of the men and women that the society chooses as its heroes or its heroines."

了解一個社會特點，最好的方法是去考察被這個社會視為英雄的人們的特點。

1. First consider the sports hero, whom in my observation society chooses not merely by virtue of athletic prowess.

2. Next consider the military hero, who gains heroic stature by way of courage in battle, or by otherwise facing certain defeat and emerging victorious.

3. On the other hand, consider a third type of hero: the champion of social causes who inspires and incites society to meaningful political and social change.

220. "The increase in knowledge is forcing people to specialize. As a result, the distance between fields of specialization has become so vast that specialists in different areas are rarely able to influence each other."

知識的增加，促使了人們的專業(yè)化。其結(jié)果是不同的專業(yè)化領(lǐng)域之間的差異變得越來越大，以至于各個領(lǐng)域中的專業(yè)人員很少能夠互相影響了。

Overspecialization in the academic world is liable to exert negative impacts on academic research in various fields, which makes it necessary for education to encourage interdisciplinary studies.

1. The dramatic increase in knowledge today has made it impossible for any one to keep pace with the latest developments in all academic fields.

2. As a result, specialists in different areas tend to focus only on their own area of study.

3. However, this overspecialization is harmful not only academically but also socially.

4. Schools should aim at cultivating not only specialists but also generalists.

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