2020年職稱英語考試《理工類》考試共65題，分為單選題和多選題和判斷題和計算題和簡答題和不定項。小編為您整理歷年真題5道練習(xí)題，附答案解析，供您備考練習(xí)。

1、The Book of Life
So far, scientists have named about 1.6 million living species, and that's a just a fraction of that probably exists on Earth. With so many plants, animals and other creatures coveting the planet, it can be tough to figure out what type of spider is moving up your leg or what kind of bird is flying by.
A soon - to - be - started Web site might help. An international team of researchers has announced the creation of Web - based Encyclopedia of life( EOL). The project aims to catalog every species on Earth in a single, easy - to - use reference guide.
To get the encyclopedia started, the creators will use information from scientific databases that already exist. And eventually, in special sections of the site, nonscientist with specialized knowledge will get to join in. Bird - watchers, for example, will be able to input which bird they've seen and where. The technology for this kind of tool has only become available.
As the EOL develops, you might find it useful for school projects. The site will feature special pages for kids who are studying ecosystems (生態(tài)系統(tǒng)) in their neighborhoods. To make sure the encyclopedia is accurate, scientists will review much of the information added to it. People who visit the site will be able to choose to leave out pages that haven't been reviewed.
Another convenient feature of the EOL is that you'll be able to pick the level of detail you want to see to match your interest, age and knowledge. If you wanted to learn about bears for a science class report, for example, you could use the "novice" setting to get basic information about the animals. On the "expert" setting, on the other hand, you could get much more detailed information about the history, literature and exploration of bears.
It now takes years for scientist to collect all the data they need to describe and analyze species. The creator of the Encyclopedia of Life hope that their new tool will speed up that process.
The word "novice" in Paragraph 5 could be best replaced by ______.【單選題】

A.scientist

B.creator

C.beginner

D.expert

正確答案:C

答案解析:本題難度較大，需要很強(qiáng)的把握詞義能力。本題可以先看選項得到信息提示，也可以結(jié)合原文的提示：you could use the“novice”setting to get basic information about the animals. On the “expert” setting, on the other hand, you could get much more detailed information…，可以看出，novice的意思和basic相近，和expert相反，回來看選項，C項和原文句意相近，是答案。

2、Seeing Red Means Danger Ahead
The color red often means danger and by paying attention, accidents can be prevented. In the future, the color red also may help prevent danger at construction sites. Thanks to new work by engineers, bridge supports or other kinds of materials, could one day contain a color - changing material. It will turn red before a structure collapses or falls apart.
The secret behind the color - changing material is a particular type of molecule (分子). A molecule is a group of atoms (原子) held together by chemical bonds. Molecules come in all shapes and sizes and make up _____ you can see, touch or feel. How a molecule behaves depends on what kinds of atoms it contains and how they're held together.
When a polymer (聚合物) containing a color - changing molecule called a mechanophore (機(jī)械響應(yīng)性聚合物) is about to break, it produces a color. When a polymer with mechanophore molecules becomes "injured" or weak, one of the mechanophore bonds breaks and the material turns red. "It's a really simple detection method," says Nancy Sottos, one of the scientists who worked on the project. Sottos and her team tested the color - changing polymers in their lab. The test results proved encouraging.
There is a way to get rid of the red color light. When a bright light is shone on the mechanophore, the broken bond is fixed and the red color disappears. Thus "self - healing" may be a problem for engineers. They need to use the color - changer in big construction projects that will be outside, under sunlight. And sunlight will make the mechanophore's warning system useless.
Sottos and her fellow scientists still have a lot of work to do before the color - changing molecules can be used outside the lab.
【單選題】

A.nothing

B.anyone

C.someone

D.everything

正確答案:D

答案解析:本題難度不大，考查不定代詞everything的用法，本題可以先看選項，得到信息提示，很明顯，答案是D。

3、Houses of the Future
What will houses be like in thirty years' time? No one really knows, but architects are trying to predict. _____
Future houses will have to be flexible. In thirty years' time even more of us will be working from home. So we will have to be able to use areas of the house for work for part of the day and for living for the rest. Families grow and change with children arriving, growing up and leaving home. The house of the future will have to grow and change with the family. Nothing will be as fixed as it is now. The house will always be changing to meet changing needs.
Everyone agrees that in thirty years' time we will be living in "intelligent" houses. We will be able to talk to our kitchen machines and discuss with them what to do. Like this, "We'll be having a party this weekend. What food shall we cook?" And the machine will tell us what food we will have to buy and how to cook it. We will be able to leave most of the cooking to the machines, just tasting things from time to time to check.
The house of the future will be personal, each house will be different. You will be able to change the color of the wall easily.You won't have to paint them-you'll be able to tell the wall to change the color! And if you don't like the color the next day, you will be able to have a new one. The only thing you won't be able to do is move the house somewhere else!
【單選題】

A.You will be able to change the color of the wall easily.

B.The only thing you won't be able to do is move the house somewhere else!

C.And the machine will tell us what food we will have to buy and how to cook it.

D.What will our home be like then?

E.The house of the future will have to grow and change with the family.

F.The kids might take their bedrooms with them as they leave.

正確答案:D

答案解析:本題的難度較大。需要認(rèn)真閱讀文章，特別是第一段和第二段，可用排除法和代入法。本題的上文談到了沒有人會知道30年后房子是什么樣子，但建筑家們正在努力地預(yù)測。開頭第一句用的是疑問句，下文的第一句就談到未來的房子要十分靈活，用的是陳述句，可以推測此處很可能繼續(xù)對未來房屋進(jìn)行發(fā)問來展開文章的敘述，回來看選項，可以先排除A，B，C，F(xiàn)項，把D，E代入文章里，可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，D更能符合上下文語境和邏輯，是最佳答案。

4、Would you please call my husband as soon as possible?【單選題】

A.visit

B.phone

C.consult

D.invite

正確答案:B

答案解析:麻煩您盡快給我丈夫打個電話好嗎？本題難度不大，考查的是引申意義，call和phone做動詞用，引申意義都有“打電話”的意思，是近義詞，其他選項都是常用詞匯，和答案意義差異大，最佳答案是B。

5、The police took fingerprints and identified the body.【單選題】

A.recognized

B.missed

C.discovered

D.touched

正確答案:A

答案解析:警察采集指紋，辨認(rèn)出了尸體。本題有一定難度，C項的干擾較大。identified指“辨認(rèn)”，和recognized“認(rèn)出”意思相近，C項discover指“發(fā)現(xiàn)”，最佳答案是A。