2020年職稱英語考試《理工類》考試共65題，分為單選題和多選題和判斷題和計算題和簡答題和不定項。小編為您整理精選模擬習(xí)題10道，附答案解析，供您考前自測提升！

1、Cell Phone Lets Your Secret Out
Your cell phone holds secrets about you. Besides the names and numbers that you've programmed into it, traces of your DNA linger on the device, according to a new study.
DNA is genetic material that appears in every cell. Like your fingerprint, your DNA is unique to you- because you have an identical twin. Scientists today routinely analyze DNA in blood, saliva, or hair left behind at the scene of a crime. The results often help detectives identify criminals and their victims. Your cell phone can reveal more about you than you might think.
Meghan J. McFadden, a scientist at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, heard about a crime in which the suspect bled onto a cell phone and later dropped the device. This made her wonder whether traces of DNA lingered on cell phones even when no blood was involved. So she and colleague Margaret Wallace of the City University of New York analyzed the flip open phones of 10 volunteers. They used swabs to collect invisible traces of the users from two parts of the phone: the outside, where the user holds it, and the speaker, which is placed at the user's ear.
The scientists scrubbed the phones using a solution made mostly ______ alcohol. The aim of washing was to remove all detectable traces of DNA. The owners got their phones back for another week. Then the researchers collected the phones and repeated the swabbing of each phone once more.
The scientists discovered DNA that belonged to the phone's speaker on each of the phones. Better samples were collected from the outside of each phone, those swabs also picked up DNA that belonged to other people who had apparently also handled the phone. Surprisingly, DNA showed up even in swabs that were taken immediately after the phones were scrubbed. That suggests that washing won't remove all traces of evidence from a criminal's device. So cell phones can now be added to the list of clues that can clinch a crime scene investigation.
【單選題】

A.of

B.up

C.on

D.into

正確答案:A

答案解析:be made of是固定搭配，意即：由……制成。a solution made mostly of alcohol：一種主要由酒精制成的溶液。

2、Breastfeeding Can Cut Cardiovascular Risk
Breastfeeding can reduce the risk of a heart attack or stroke later in life and could prevent hundreds of thousands of deaths each year, researchers said on Friday.
Babies who are breastfed have fewer childhood infections and allergies and are less prone to obesity. British scientists have now shown that breastfeeding and slow growth in the first weeks and months of life has a protective effect against cardiovascular disease.
"Diets that promote more rapid growth put babies at risk many years later in terms of raising their blood pressure, raising their cholesterol and increasing their tendency to diabetes and obesity-the four main risk factors for stroke and heart attack." said Professor Alan Lucas of the Institute of Child Health in London.
"Our evidence suggests that the reason why breast-fed babies do better is because they grow more slowly in the early weeks."
Lucas said the effects of breastfeeding on blood pressure and cholesterol later in life are greater than anything adults can do to control the risk factors for cardiovascular disease, other than taking drugs.
An estimated 17 million people die of cardiovascular disease, particularly heart attack and strokes, each year, according to the World Health Organization.
Lucas and his colleagues compared the health of 216 teenagers who as babies had either been breastfed or given different nutritional baby formulas' They reported their findings in The Lancet medical journal.
The teenagers who had been ______ had a 14 percent lower ratio of bad to good cholesterol and lower concentrations of a protein that is a marker for cardiovascular disease risk.
The researchers also found that regardless of the child's weight at birth, the faster the infants grew in the early weeks and months of life, the greater was their later risk of heart disease and stroke. The effect was the same for both boys and girls.
"The more human milk you have in the newborn period, the lower your cholesterol level is, the lower your blood pressure is 16 years later, "Lucas said.
【單選題】

A.surveyed

B.interviewed

C.handled

D.breastfed

正確答案:D

答案解析:選項D是文章主題詞，因此成為答案的可能性較大。從句意看，該句講述“曾經(jīng)的青少年中壞膽固醇與好膽固醇的比率要低14%，而且他們的蛋白質(zhì)積聚也較低，而蛋白質(zhì)的積聚是患心血管疾病風(fēng)險高低的標(biāo)志之一”。文章主題是“母乳喂養(yǎng)能夠減少心血管疾病的危險”，由此推測出現(xiàn)這種較好健康情況的人應(yīng)該是“母乳喂養(yǎng)的人”，因此答案是D。

3、Seeing Red Means Danger Ahead
The color red often means danger and by paying attention, accidents can be prevented. In the future, the color red also may help prevent danger at construction sites. Thanks to new work by engineers, bridge supports or other kinds of materials, could one day contain a color - changing material. It will turn red before a structure collapses or falls apart.
The secret behind the color - changing material is a particular type of molecule (分子). A molecule is a group of atoms (原子) held together by chemical bonds. Molecules come in all shapes and sizes and make up everything you can see, touch or feel. How a molecule behaves depends on what kinds of atoms it contains and how they're held together.
When a polymer (聚合物) containing a color - changing molecule called a mechanophore (機(jī)械響應(yīng)性聚合物) is about to break, it produces a color. When a polymer with mechanophore molecules becomes "injured" or weak, one of the mechanophore bonds breaks and the material turns red. "It's a really simple detection method," says Nancy Sottos, one of the scientists who worked on the project. Sottos and her team tested the color - changing polymers in their lab. The test _____ proved encouraging.
There is a way to get rid of the red color light. When a bright light is shone on the mechanophore, the broken bond is fixed and the red color disappears. Thus "self - healing" may be a problem for engineers. They need to use the color - changer in big construction projects that will be outside, under sunlight. And sunlight will make the mechanophore's warning system useless.
Sottos and her fellow scientists still have a lot of work to do before the color - changing molecules can be used outside the lab.
【單選題】

A.results

B.rules

C.tools

D.methods

正確答案:A

答案解析:本題難度不大，考查的是詞義辨析。很明顯，文章此處的意思是“結(jié)果”，答案是A。

4、Snow Ranger
The two things, snow and mountains, which are needed for a ski area are the two things that cause avalanches, large mass of snow and ice crushing down the side of a mountain, often called "White Death. "
It was the threat of the avalanche and its record as a killer of man in the western mountains that created the snow ranger. He first started on avalanche control work in the winter of 1937, 38 at Alta, Utah, in Wasatch National Forest.
This mountain valley was becoming well known to skiers. It was dangerous. In fact, more than 120 persons had lost their lives in 1936 and another 200 died in 1937 as a result of avalanches before it became a major ski area.
Thus, development of Alta and other major ski resorts in the west was dependent upon controlling the avalanche. The Forest Service set out to do it, and did with its corps of snow rangers.
It takes many things to make a snow ranger. The snow ranger must be in excellent physical condition. He must be a good skier and a skilled mountain climber. He should have at least a high school education, and the more college courses in geology, physics, and related fields he has, the better.
He studies snow, terrain, wind, and weather. He learns the conditions that produce avalanches. He learns to forecast avalanches and to bring them roaring on down the mountainsides to reduce their killing strength. The snow ranger learns to do this by using artillery, by blasting with TNT, and by the difficult and skillful art of skiing avalanches down.
The snow ranger, dressed in a green parka which has a bright yellow shoulder patch, means safety for people on ski slopes. He pulls the trigger on a 75 mm. Recoilless rifle, skis waist deep in powder testing snow stability, or talks with the ski area's operator as he goes about his work to protect the public from the hazards of deep snow on steep mountain slopes.
The passage implies that a snow ranger____.
【單選題】

A.knows how to use a pistol.

B.must write lengthy reports on his work.

C.may travel many miles when he is on duty.

D.has a long working day.

正確答案:C

答案解析:A:知道怎樣使用手槍；B：必須寫有關(guān)其工作的長篇報告；C：值班時可能會滑行數(shù)英里；D：工作時間很長。依據(jù)常識和已有的對文章的了解推斷C最合理。如果依據(jù)原文，文章中提到了“槍”的使用，所以A不是答案。在第5段中說“雪地管理員”必須身體素質(zhì)好，所以暗示答案是C。

5、The book took ten years of thorough research.【單選題】

A.basic

B.careful

C.social

D.major

正確答案:B

答案解析:這本書花了十年時間的精心研究。本題難度不大，干擾項干擾不大，是送分題，thorough的引申意義指“認(rèn)真的，精心的”，careful是“認(rèn)真的”意思，所以最佳答案是B。

6、An Intelligent Car
Driving needs sharp eyes, keen ears, quick brain, and coordination between hands and the brain. Many human drivers have all. these and can control a fast-moving car. But how does an intelligent car control itself ?
There is a virtual driver in the smart car. This virtual driver has "eyes," "brains", "hands" and "feet", too. The mini-cameras on each side of the car are his "eyes," which observe the road and conditions ahead of it. They watch the traffic to the car's left and right. There is also a highly automatic driving system in the car. It is the built-in computer, which is the virtual driver's "brain". His "brain" calculates the speeds of ______ moving cars near it and analyzes their positions. Basing on this information, it chooses the right line for the intelligent cars, and gives instructions to the "hands" and "feets" to act accordingly. In this way, the virtual driver controls his car.
What is the virtual driver's best advantage? He reacts rapidly. The mini-cameras are sending images continuously to the "brain". It completes the processing of the images within 100 milliseconds. However, the world's best driver at least needs one second to react. Besides, when he takes action, he needs one more second.
The virtual driver is really wonderful. He can reduce the accident rate. considerably on expressway. In this case, can we let him have the wheel at any time and in any place? Experts warn that we cannot do that just yet. His ability to recognize things is still limited. He can now only drive an intelligent car on expressways.
【單選題】

A.another

B.other

C.each other

D.one another

正確答案:B

答案解析:選項B和C都是“彼此、相互”，互為近義詞，所以相互排除掉；空白后出現(xiàn)的是復(fù)數(shù)名詞(cars)，因此答案是B（another修飾可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)）。

7、A Bad Idea
Think you can walk, drive, take phone calls, e - mail and listen to music at the same time 7 Well, New York's new law says you can't. And you'll be fined $ 100 if you do so on a New York city street. The law went into force last month, following research and a shocking number of accidents that involved people using electronic gadgets (小巧機(jī)械) when crossing the street.
Who's to blame? Scientists say that our multitasking (多任務(wù)處理) abilities are limited. "We are under the impression that our brain can do more than it often can," says Rene Marois, a neuroscientist (神經(jīng)科學(xué)家) in Tennessee. "But a core limitation is the inability to concentrate on two things at once."
The young people are often considered the great multitaskers. However, an Oxford University research suggests this perception is open to question. A group of 18 to 21 years old and a group of 35 to 39 years old were given 90 seconds to translate images into numbers, using a simple code. The younger group did 10 percent better when not interrupted. But when both groups were interrupted by a phone call or an instant message, the older group matched the younger group in speed and accuracy.
It is difficult to measure the productivity lost by multitaskers. Jonathan Spira, chief analyst at Basex, a business - research firm, estimates that the cost of interruptions to the American economy is nearly $ 650 billion a year. _____. The surveys conclude that 28 percent of the workers' time was spent on interruptions and recovery time before they returned to their main tasks.
【單選題】

A.Talking on a cell phone while driving brings you joy anyway.

B.The estimate is based on surveys with office workers.

C.The younger group did 10 percent better when not interrupted.

D.However, an Oxford University research suggests this perception is open to question.

E.Scientists say that our multitasking (多任務(wù)處理) abilities are limited.

F.And you'll be fined $ 100 if you do so on a New York city street.

正確答案:B

答案解析:本題有一定的難度，需要認(rèn)真閱讀文章，理解好句意?？捎门懦ê痛敕ā１绢}的下文談到了對（辦公室）職工做的一次調(diào)查，涉及具體內(nèi)容，所以可以推斷此處應(yīng)該是概括性的句子，來引導(dǎo)下文，而且和職工調(diào)查有關(guān)，回來看選項，把B代入文中，符合邏輯，答案是B。

8、Seeing Red Means Danger Ahead
The color red often means danger and by paying attention, accidents can be prevented. In the future, the color red also may help prevent danger at construction sites. Thanks to new work by engineers, bridge supports or other kinds of materials, could one day contain a color - changing material. It will turn red before a structure collapses or falls apart.
The secret behind the color - changing material is a particular type of molecule (分子). A molecule is a group of atoms (原子) held together by chemical bonds. Molecules come in all shapes and sizes and make up everything you can see, touch or feel. How a molecule behaves depends on what kinds of atoms it contains and how they're held together.
When a polymer (聚合物) containing a color - changing molecule called a mechanophore (機(jī)械響應(yīng)性聚合物) is about to break, it produces a color. When a polymer with mechanophore molecules becomes "injured" or weak, one of the mechanophore bonds breaks and the material turns red. "It's a really simple detection method," says Nancy Sottos, one of the scientists who worked on the project. Sottos and her team tested the color - changing polymers in their lab. The test results proved encouraging.
There is a way to get rid of the red color light. When a bright light is shone on the mechanophore, the broken bond is fixed and the red color disappears. Thus "self - healing" may be a problem for engineers. They need to use the color - changer in big construction projects that will be outside, under sunlight. And sunlight will make the mechanophore's warning system _____.
Sottos and her fellow scientists still have a lot of work to do before the color - changing molecules can be used outside the lab.

【單選題】

A.dangerous

B.useless

C.helpful

D.important

正確答案:B

答案解析:本題有一定難度，干擾項干擾較大，關(guān)鍵在理解好文章上下文意義，文章此處是說“陽光會讓這種機(jī)械響應(yīng)性聚合物的報警系統(tǒng)失效”，答案是B。

9、Houses of Future
What will houses be like in thirty years' time? No one really knows, but architects are trying to predict what our home will be likeE.
Future houses will have to be flexible. In thirty years' time even more of us will be working at home. So we will have to be able to use areas of the house for work for part of the day and for living for the rest. Families grow and change with children arriving, growing up and leaving home. The house ofthe future will have to grow and change with the familyF, nothing will be as fixed as it is now. The house will always be changing to meet changing needs.
Everyone agrees that in thirty years' time we will be living in "intelligent" houses. We will be able to talk to our kitchen machines and discuss with them what to do. Like this, "we'll be having a party this weekend. What food shall we cook?" And the machine will tell us what food we will have to buy and how to cook it. We will be able to leave most of the cooking to the machines, just tasting things from time to time to check.
The house of the future will be personal-each house, you will be able to change the color ofthe wall easily, you won't have to paint them, you'll be able to tell the wall to change the color! And if you don't like the color the next day, you will be able to have a new one. ______.
【單選題】

A.you will be able to change the color ofthe wall easily

B.The only thing you won't be able to do is moving the house somewhere else

C.And the machine will tell us what food we will have to buy and how to cook it

D.what our home will be likeE

E.The house ofthe future will have to grow and change with the familyF

F.he kids might take their bedrooms with them as they have

正確答案:B

答案解析:意思是“也許唯一一件你不能改變的事就是把房子移到其他地方去而已”，與上文中可以隨心所欲做任何事相符。

10、The most crucial problem any economic system faces is how to use its scarce resources. 【單選題】

A.puzzling

B.difficult

C.terrifying

D.urgent

正確答案:D

答案解析:crucial：至關(guān)緊要的，和urgent（緊急的）含義最接近；puzzling:（使）迷惑的、（使）為難的；difficult:困難的；terrifying:使感到恐怖的。