2020年職稱英語考試《理工類》考試共65題，分為單選題和多選題和判斷題和計(jì)算題和簡(jiǎn)答題和不定項(xiàng)。小編為您整理精選模擬習(xí)題10道，附答案解析，供您考前自測(cè)提升！

1、Meet Your Memory
1. Memory is something that cannot be seen, touched or weighed. It is thought to be abstract. It is a set of skills rather than an object. Neither is there a single standard for judging a good or poor memory. There are a number of different ways in which a person may have a good memory.
2. Memory is generally viewed as consisting of three stages: (1) acquisition refers to learning the material; (2) storage refers to keeping the material in the brain until it is needed; (3) retrieval (提取) refers to getting the material back out when it is needed:
3. Memory consists of at least two different processes: short - term memory and long - term memory. Short - term memory has a limited capacity and a rapid forgetting rate. Its capacity can be increased by chunking (組成大塊), or grouping separate bits of information into larger chunks. Long - term memory has an almost unlimited capacity.
4. One measure of memory is recall, which requires you to produce information by searching the memory for it. In aided recall, you are given cues (提示) to help you produce the information. In free - recall learning you recall the material in any order. In serial learning you recall it in the order it was presented and in paired - associate learning you learn pairs of words so that when the first word is given you can recall the second word. A second measure of memory is recognition, in which you do not have to produce the information from memory, but must be able to identify it when it is presented to you. In a third measure of memory, relearning, the difference between how long it took to learn the material the first time and how long it takes to learn it again indicates how much you remember. Relearning is generally a more sensitive measure of memory than is recognition because relearning shows retention (保持) while recognition does not. Recognition is generally a more sensitive measure than recall.
Paragraph 2 ______
【單選題】

A.Why do we forget things?

B.How do we measure memory?

C.What are the stages memory consists of?

D.What is the difference between short - term memory and long - term memory?

E.What is memory?

F.Who may have a poor memory?

正確答案:C

答案解析:本題難度不大，主旨句比較明顯，是文章第二段第一句前半部分：Memory is generally viewed as consisting of three stages…回來看選項(xiàng)，C項(xiàng)What are the stages memory consists of?是對(duì)本段主旨句的近義替換，是答案。

2、In the process, the light energy converts to heat energy.【單選題】

A.reduces

B.changes

C.leaves

D.drops

正確答案:B

答案解析:在這個(gè)過程中，光能轉(zhuǎn)化成熱能。本題難度不大，converts指“轉(zhuǎn)變”，通常與to或者into搭配，和changes“變化”是近義詞，其他三項(xiàng)都是常用詞，和答案意義差異較大，干擾性不強(qiáng)。

3、One Good Reason to Let Smallpox Live
It's now a fair bet that we will never see the total extinction (滅絕) of the smallpox (天花) virus. When smallpox was completely got rid of in the world, scientists wanted to destroy the killer virus in the last two labs, one in the US and one in Russia. They asked: If smallpox has truly gone from the planet, what point was there in keeping these reserves?
In reality, of course, it was naive to _____ that everyone would let go of such a powerful potential weapon. Undoubtedly several nations still have a few vials (小藥瓶). And the last "official" stocks of live Virus bred mistrust of the US and Russia, for no obvious gain.
Now American researchers have found an animal model of the human disease, opening the way for tests on new treatments and vaccines(疫苗). So once again there's a good reason to the virus, just in keep the disease puts in a reappearance.
How do we case with the mistrust of the US and Russia? deal. Keep the virus Simple international support in a well - guarded UN laboratory that's open to all countries. The US will object, of course, just as it with a multilateral (多邊的) approach to just about everything. But it doesn't mean the idea is rejects. If the virus is useful, then let's wrong it the servant of all humanity make not just a part of it.
【單選題】

A.know

B.realize

C.imagine

D.understand

正確答案:C

答案解析:本題有一定難度，考查詞義辨析，干擾項(xiàng)有一定的干擾。文章此處是說“現(xiàn)實(shí)中，想象每個(gè)人都會(huì)放棄這種潛在致命武器都是幼稚的”，此處要用“消滅”的意思，答案是C。

4、Better Control of TB Seen if a Faster Cure is Found
The World Health Organization estimates that about one-third of all people are infected with bacteria that cause tuberculosis. Most times, the infection remains inactive. But each year about eight million people develop active cases of TB, usually in their lungs. Two million people die of it. The disease has increased with the spread of AIDS and drug-resistant forms of tuberculosis.
Current treatments take at least six months. Patients have to take a combination of several antibiotic drugs daily. But many people stop ______ they feel better. Doing that can lead to an infection that resists treatment. Public health experts agree that a faster-acting cure for tuberculosis would be more effective. Now a study estimates just how effective it might be. A professor of international health at Harvard University led the study. Joshua Salomon says a shorter treatment program would likely mean not just more patients cured. It would also mean fewer infectious patients who can pass on their infection to others.
The researchers developed a mathematical model to examine the effects of a two-month treatment plan. They tested the model with current TB conditions in Southeast Asia. The scientists found that a two-month treatment could prevent about twenty percent of new cases. And it might prevent about twenty-five percent of TB deaths. The model shows that these reductions would take place between two thousand twelve and two thousand thirty. That is, if a faster cure is developed and in wide use by two thousand twelve.
The World Health Organization developed the DOTS program in nineteen ninety. DOTS is Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course. Health workers watch tuberculosis patients take their daily pills to make sure they continue treatment.
Earlier this year, an international partnership of organizations announced a plan to expand the DOTS program. The ten-year plan also aims to finance research into new TB drugs. The four most common drugs used now are more than forty years old. The Global Alliance for TB Drug Development says its long-term goal is a treatment that could work in as few as ten doses.
【單選題】

A.as if

B.as though

C.as far as

D.as soon as

正確答案:D

答案解析:答題時(shí)請(qǐng)注意句首的But這個(gè)詞，與上句意思發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)折。4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中as if、as though都是“仿佛，宛如”的意思，as far as則是“至于……，就……而言”的意思，填在這里均不合適，只有as soon as（一……就……）才恰當(dāng)。

5、Don't just stand by. Can't you lend a hand?【單選題】

A.loan

B.offer

C.help

D.understand

正確答案:C

答案解析:lend a hand等于offer a hand，是固定搭配，“幫忙”的意思；loan：貸款；help：幫助；understand:理解。

6、An Intelligent Car
Driving needs sharp eyes, keen ears, quick brain, and coordination between hands and the brain. Many human drivers have all. these and can control a fast-moving car. But how does an intelligent car control itself ?
There is a virtual driver in the smart car. This virtual driver has "eyes," "brains", "hands" and "feet", too. The mini-cameras ______ each side of the car are his "eyes," which observe the road and conditions ahead of it. They watch the traffic to the car's left and right. There is also a highly automatic driving system in the car. It is the built-in computer, which is the virtual driver's "brain". His "brain" calculates the speeds of other moving cars near it and analyzes their positions. Basing on this information, it chooses the right line for the intelligent cars, and gives instructions to the "hands" and "feets" to act accordingly. In this way, the virtual driver controls his car.
What is the virtual driver's best advantage? He reacts rapidly. The mini-cameras are sending images continuously to the "brain". It completes the processing of the images within 100 milliseconds. However, the world's best driver at least needs one second to react. Besides, when he takes action, he needs one more second.
The virtual driver is really wonderful. He can reduce the accident rate. considerably on expressway. In this case, can we let him have the wheel at any time and in any place? Experts warn that we cannot do that just yet. His ability to recognize things is still limited. He can now only drive an intelligent car on expressways.
【單選題】

A.within

B.above

C.to

D.on

正確答案:D

答案解析:與side搭配的介詞是on（on the side of…：在……的上面）。

7、Meet Your Memory
Memory is something that cannot be seen, touched or weighed. It is thought to be abstract. It is a set of skills rather than an object. Neither is there a single standard for judging a good or poor memory. There are a number of different ways in which a person may have a "good" memory.
Memory is generally viewed as consisting of three stages: (1) acquisition refers to learning the material; (2) storage refers to keeping the material in the blain until it is needed; and (3) retrieval (提取) refers to getting the material back out when it is needed.
Memory consists of at least two different processes: short-term memory and long-term memory. Short-term memory has a limited capacity and a rapid forgetting rate. Its capacity can be increased by chunking (組成大塊), or grouping separate bits of information into larger chunks. Long-term memory has an almost unlimited capacity.
One measure of memory is recall, which requires you to produce information by searching the memory for it. In aided recall, you are given cues (提示) to help you produce the information. In free-recall learning, you recall the material in any order; in serial learning, you recall it in the order it was presented; and in paired-associate learning, you learn pairs of words so that when the first word is given, you can recall the second word. A second measure of memory is recognition in which you do not have to produce the information from memory, but must be able to identify it when it is presented to you. In a third measure of memory, relearning, the difference between how long it took to learn the material the first time and how long it takes to learn it again indicates how much you remember. Relearning is generally a more sensitive measure of memory than is recognition because relearning shows retention (保持) while recognition does not. Recognition is generally a more sensitive measure than recall.
Grouping bits of information into larger chunks helps improve the capacity of our ______.
【單選題】

A.short-term memory

B.relearning

C.needed

D.coded

E.recognition

F.slow forgetting rate

正確答案:A

答案解析:根據(jù)題干線索詞Grouping bits of information into larger chunks定位原文至第三段第三句：Its capacity can be increased by chunking (組成大塊), or grouping separate bits of information into larger chunks，句中的its即指前句中的short-term memory，題干將該句由被動(dòng)語態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橹鲃?dòng)語態(tài)。由此推知，句中畫線部分即為所需添加成分，即short-term memory，A選項(xiàng)short-term memory屬于原文復(fù)現(xiàn)，故A為正確答案。

8、Michael is now merely a good friend.【單選題】

A.largely

B.possible

C.just

D.rarely

正確答案:C

答案解析:題干大意：邁克僅僅是個(gè)好朋友。畫線詞merely：僅僅。選項(xiàng)中，just：僅僅。largely：很大程度上。如：I use the Web largely to communicate information about the organization. 我大量地使用網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)來交流有關(guān)組織的信息。possible：可能的。如：We think every day about how to ensure that our staff can operate under the best possible conditions. 我們每天都在思考怎樣確保我們的工作人員在盡可能最佳的條件下工作。rarely：很少的。如：Rarely would a single concern have the entire facilities required for a complete testing program. 很少有一個(gè)公司能擁有為完成整個(gè)測(cè)試程序所需要的全部設(shè)備。

9、We came across an old man lying in the road. 【單選題】

A.saved

B.saw

C.faced

D.encountered

正確答案:D

答案解析:come across:碰到、不期而遇，encounter和它的意思相同；save:拯救；see:看見；face:面對(duì)。

10、Keeping Cut Flowers
1 While everybody enjoys fresh cut flowers around his house, few people know how to keep them for as long as possible. This may be done by keeping in mind a few simple fact.
2 An important thing to remember about cut flowers is that they are sensitive to temperature. For example, studies have shown that cut carnations (康乃馨) retain their freshness eight times longer when kept at 12℃ than when kept at 26℃. Keeping freshly harvested flowers at the right temperatures is probably the most important aspect of flower care.
3 Flowers are not intended by nature to live very long. Their biological purpose is simply to attract birds or insects, such as bees, for pollination (粉). After that, they quickly dry up and die. The process by which flowers consume oxygen and produce carbon dioxide, called respiration, generates the energy the flower needs to give the flower its shape and color. The making of seeds also depends on this energy. While all giving things respire, flowers have a high level of respiration. A result of all this respiration is heat, and for flowers the level of heat relative to the mass of the flower is very high. Respiration also brings about the eventual death of the flower. Thus the greater the level of respiration, the sooner the flower dies.
4 How, then, to control the rate at which flowers die? By controlling respiration. How is respiration controlled? By controlling temperature. We know that respiration produces heat, but the reverse is also true. Thus by maintaining low temperatures, respiration is reduced and the cut flower will age more slowly.
5 Another vital factor in keeping cut flowers is the quality of the water in which they are placed. Flowers find it difficult to "drink" water that is dirty or otherwise polluted. Even when water looks and smells clean, it almost certainly contains harmful substances that can endanger the flowers. To rid the water of these unwanted substances, household chlorine bleach (含氯漂白劑) can be used in small quantities. It is recommended that 15 drops of chlorine bleach (at 4% solution) be added to each liter of water. The water and solution should also be replaced each day.
Paragraph 4____
【單選題】

A.Control of Respiration

B.Beauty of Fresh Cut Flowers

C.Role of Respiration

D.Most Important Aspect of Flower Care

E.Need for Clean Water

F.Ways of Stopping Respiration

正確答案:A

答案解析:本題的題設(shè)具有迷惑性，選項(xiàng)A和選項(xiàng)F都與“花朵的呼吸”有關(guān)，但是選項(xiàng)1是說如何控制呼吸，而選項(xiàng)F是說如何停止呼吸?；氐皆?，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)作者并沒有提到停止呼吸，只是說要通過降低溫度來控制呼吸，故選1。