Shifts in Aggregate Supply：In addition;shiftincludingcapitalresourcescapitalproductivity and technology.

Long-Run Equilibrium in Oligopoly Market：the market share of the dominant firm declines.

Shifts in Aggregate Demand：fiscal policy;growth in global economy.

Difficulties in Executing Fiscal Policy：requiredThe issue of crowding out may occur.

Cournot Assumption in Oligopoly Market：The Cournot solution falls betweenthe competitive equilibrium and the monopoly solution.

Collusion in Oligopoly Market：reduced cash flow uncertainty:frequency.competition.collusion.

What are the responsibilities of the members in reference to the CFA Institute?：Once accepted as a member:每年交述職報(bào)告和年費(fèi)but must not over promise the competency and future investment results.Case

What are the ethics and trust in the investment profession？：Global investment performance standards（GIPS）= 比例低，也并非所有的不道德都是違法君子有所不為的決策是更好的決策更符合stakeholder利益的決策

What's the meaning of “Additional compensation”?：their employer’s interest （該準(zhǔn)則約束的是,如果收取相關(guān)好處：會(huì)影響雇主利益的情況）unless they obtain written consent from all parties involve.，CFA

What's the meaning of independence and objectivity in professionalism?：or consideration that reasonably could be expected to compromise their own or another’s independence and objectivity.（那些被合理認(rèn)為將會(huì)影響?yīng)毩⒖陀^的威逼利誘都要不為所動(dòng)）,但在他人眼中會(huì)影響?yīng)毩⑿砸膊恍校┛赡艿脑捠孪扰督o雇主告訴雇主是為了引起雇主的同意

What's the meaning of “market manipulation”?：distort prices or artificially inflate trading volume （扭曲價(jià)格、虛增交易量）:with the intent tomisleadmarket participants. （目的是誤導(dǎo)投資者）:如果達(dá)到一定的交易量可以減少傭金如果這種利益歸屬于客戶且披露了沒有違反市場操縱準(zhǔn)則）

How to understand the Code of ethics and trust in the investment profession?：I,Professionalism:II:IIIIVVVIVIIResponsibilities as a CFA member or candidate