2021年職稱英語考試《理工類》考試共65題，分為單選題和多選題和判斷題和計算題和簡答題和不定項。小編為您整理概括大意與完成句子分析5道練習題，附答案解析，供您備考練習。

1、English and English Community1 There is no doubt that English is a useful language. The people who speak English today make up the largest speech community in the world with the exception of speakers of Chinese. 2 A speech community is similar to other kinds of communities. The people who make up the community share a common language. Often they live side by side, as they do in a neighborhood, a village, or a city. More often they form a whole country. National boundaries, however, are not always the same as the boundaries of a speech community. A speech community is any group of people who speak the same language no matter where they happen to live. 3 We may say that anyone who speaks English belongs to the English speech community. For convenience, we may divide the speakers into two groups: one in which the speakers use English as their native language, the other in which the speakers learn English as a second language for the purpose of education, commerce, and so on. 4 Learning a second language extends one\'s vision and expands the mind. The history and literature of a second language record the real and fictional lives of people and their culture; a knowledge of them adds to our ability to understand and to feel as they feel. Learning English as asecond language provides another means of communication through which the window of the entire English speech community becomes a part of our heritage. Paragraph 2____【單選題】

A.Threat Posed by English

B.Definition ofa Speech Community

C.Benefits ofLeaming a Second Language

D.Advantages of Learning Chinese

E.Two Groups ofthe English Speech Community

F.A Widely Used Language

正確答案:B

答案解析:文章第2段主要講的是什么是a speech community，即a speech community的定義。

2、Cell Phones1. Believe it or not, cell phones have been around for over a quarter of a century. The first commercial cell phone system was developed by the Japanese in 1979, but cell phones have changed a lot since that time. The early cell phones were big and heavy but they have developed into small and light palm sized models. There are huge developments in their functions, too. We have had call forwarding, text messaging, answering services and hands - free use for years, but now there are new facilities, such as instant access to the Internet and receiving and sending photos.2. Cell phones have become very common in our lives. Recent statistics suggest one in three people on the planet now have cell phone, and most of them say they couldn\'t live without one, Cell phones are used in every area of our lives and have become a necessary tool, used for essential arrangements, social contact and business. It easier to call for help on the highway. It possible to keep in touch with people "on the move" when people are traveling.3. Cell phones have made communication easier and have reduced the need for family arguments f We can use cell phones to let our family know we\'ll be late or if there\'s a sudden change of plan or an emergency. Cell phones have eased the worries of millions of parents when their teenagers are out late. They can now contact their children at any time.4. This does not mean that cell phones are all good news. Cell phones have brought with them a number of new headaches for their owners. It costs a lot to replace stolen phones, It is becoming a frequent occurrence, and have you ever seen such a huge phone bills? More serious, however, Cell phones bring the potential health problem. There are fears that radiation from the phones may cause brain tumor(腫瘤). This may be a time bomb waiting to happen to younger people who have grown up with cell phones. They simply can\'t live without cell phones!Paragraph 3 ______【單選題】

A.Cell phones and the family

B.Commercial cell phone systems

C.Cell phones in everyday life

D.Cell phones for teenagers

E.History of cell phones

F.Problems with cell phones

正確答案:C

答案解析:本題難度不大，主旨句比較明顯，就是第二段的第一句：手機在我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪蟹浅Ｆ毡?。后面是對其的具體闡述，介紹了手機在日常生活里發(fā)揮的作用。C項Cell phones in everyday life是本段主旨句的同義解釋，是答案。

3、What Do Dreams Tell Us?Why do we dream? Do dreams have meanings? These are questions which have troubled man for thousands of years. The oldest surviving book on the interpretation of dreams is Egyptian and is nearly 4,000 years old. In ancient Greece, it was thought that people who were ill could be cured by telling their dreams. They would relate their dreams to their doctors who would tell them what they meant and then give them medicine to make them well. The ancient Chinese believed that if a pregnant woman dreamed of a bear, she would have a son, and if she dreamed of a snake, she would have a daughter. There are many stories about dreams foretelling (預(yù)言) the future.We certainly do not now believe that dreams foretell the future. Most scientists believe that dreams are based on events in our own life and on our feelings. The events are usually very recent, mostly within the last two days. Our emotions, on the other hand our wishes, hopes and fears may go back many years, even to early childhood.In a dream, events are altered. A dream may contain parts of many real-life events. Most importantly, something that cannot be shown directly may be shown indirectly. For example, you might dream of driving a large car. This could mean not that you want to have a larger car, but that you desire power, and maybe you want to control other people. Again, you may dream that you are an actor in a play. The play is about to start, but you have completely forgot your lines. This dream may seem strange because you are not interested in acting, and you never want to be in a play. But the dream may mean that you have some other problem that you feel is too difficult for you to solve.Psychologists believe that dreams may be helpful to us. Indeed, people who have been allowed to sleep in experiments, but not allowed to dream, have become anxious and restless. And when they are later allowed to sleep as much as they like, they dream more than ever to make us for the lost "dream time".Most scientists believe that dreams have something to do with ______ in daily life.【單選題】

A.power

B.quiet and happy

C.events

D.experiments

E.diseases

F.worried and nervous

正確答案:C

答案解析:根據(jù)題干線索詞most scientists定位原文至第二段第二句：Most scientists believe that dreams are based on events in our own life and on our feelings. 這里be based on與題干中的have sth. to do with...意思相符。由此推斷，畫線部分即為所需添加成分。C選項events屬于原文復(fù)現(xiàn)，故C為正確答案。

4、A Star Is Born1 The VLT (Very Large Telescope) is the world\'s largest telescope and is taking astronomers further back to the Big Bang than they ever thought possible. Located 2,600 meters up to the Chilean Andes, it has four huge mirrors, each about the size of a London bus. The VLT is so powerful it can spot a burning match 10, 000 kilometers away. 2 This astonishing power will allow astronomers to see events in space from the birth of stars to the collision of galaxies on the edge of the cosmos. The VLT is giving astronomers their best ever view of the cosmos. The power of the VLT to see the smallest detail at the furthest distances makes its designers amazed. 3 Take the case of Eta Carinae, one of the most explosive stars in the universe. This star produces ultraviolet laser rays (紫外線) and it will destroy itself in a few million years\' time. It is five times brighter than the sun and when it explodes it is going to be a sight worth waiting for. 4 But it is at distances of millions, even billions, of light years that the VLT really shows its power. The VLT can detect light that set out on its journey before the earth even existed. This gives astronomers their first ever detailed views of events that took place in the earliest days of the cosmos. 5 In other words, the VLT is a kind of a time machine. It takes astronomers back to a time when complete galaxies crashed into each other. The effects of these past collisions can now be seen by scientists, and astronomers believe the telescope will reveal more about these exciting events in the years to come. One day, we might be able to say we have traveled back to the beginning of time, and we will have a much clearer picture of how our planet was born. Paragraph 3____【單選題】

A.Events That Took place Before the Earth Existed

B.Power of the Telescope

C.Details of Eta Carinae

D.Invention of a Time Machine

E.Biggest Telescope

F.Ultraviolet Laser Rays

正確答案:C

答案解析:文章第3段介紹了Eta Carinae的情況，故C為正確答案。

5、Meet Your MemoryMemory is something that cannot be seen, touched or weighed. It is thought to be abstract. It is a set of skills rather than an object. Neither is there a single standard for judging a good or poor memory. There are a number of different ways in which a person may have a "good" memory.Memory is generally viewed as consisting of three stages: (1) acquisition refers to learning the material; (2) storage refers to keeping the material in the blain until it is needed; and (3) retrieval (提取) refers to getting the material back out when it is needed.Memory consists of at least two different processes: short-term memory and long-term memory. Short-term memory has a limited capacity and a rapid forgetting rate. Its capacity can be increased by chunking (組成大塊), or grouping separate bits of information into larger chunks. Long-term memory has an almost unlimited capacity.One measure of memory is recall, which requires you to produce information by searching the memory for it. In aided recall, you are given cues (提示) to help you produce the information. In free-recall learning, you recall the material in any order; in serial learning, you recall it in the order it was presented; and in paired-associate learning, you learn pairs of words so that when the first word is given, you can recall the second word. A second measure of memory is recognition in which you do not have to produce the information from memory, but must be able to identify it when it is presented to you. In a third measure of memory, relearning, the difference between how long it took to learn the material the first time and how long it takes to learn it again indicates how much you remember. Relearning is generally a more sensitive measure of memory than is recognition because relearning shows retention (保持) while recognition does not. Recognition is generally a more sensitive measure than recall.Remembering involves getting the material back out when it is ______.【單選題】

A.short-term memory

B.relearning

C.needed

D.coded

E.recognition

F.slow forgetting rate

正確答案:C

答案解析:根據(jù)題干線索詞getting the material back定位原文至第二段，該段只有一句話，但其后一部分提到retrieval (提取) refers to getting the material back out when it is needed. 這里retrieval與題干中的remembering意思相近，題干是對該部分的同義改寫。由此推知，所需添加成分即為句中畫線部分。C選項needed屬于原文復(fù)現(xiàn)，故C為正確答案。