2021年職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)考試《衛(wèi)生類(lèi)》考試共65題，分為單選題和多選題和判斷題和計(jì)算題和簡(jiǎn)答題和不定項(xiàng)。小編為您整理閱讀理解分析5道練習(xí)題，附答案解析，供您備考練習(xí)。

1、College Night Owls Have Lower GradesCollege students who are morning people tend to get better grades than those who are night owls(晚睡的人), according to University of North Texas researchers.They had 824 undergraduate(大學(xué)本科生的) students complete a health survey that in cluded questions about sleep habits and daytime functioning, and found that students who are morning people had higher grade point averages(GPAs) than those who are night people."The finding that college students who are evening types have lower GPAs is a very important finding, sure to make its way into undergraduate psychology texts in the near future, along with the research showing that memory is improved by sleep," study co - author Daniet J. Taylor said in a prepared statement."Further, these results suggest that it might be possible to improve academic performance by using chronotherapy (時(shí)間療法) to help students retrain their biological clock to become more morning types," Taylor said.The research was expected to be presented Monday at SLEEP, the annual meeting of the Associated Professional (專(zhuān)業(yè)的) Sleep Societies, in Baltimore.In other findings expected to be heard at the meeting, University of Colorado researchers found a significant association between insomnia (失眠) and a decline in college students\' academic performance.The study included 64 psychology, nursing and medical students, average age 27. 4 years, who were divided into two groups—low GPAs and high GPAs.Among those with low GPAs,69.7 percent had trouble falling asleep,53.1 percent experienced leg kicks or twitches (痙攣) at night, 65.6 percent reported waking at night and having trouble falling back to sleep, and 72.7 percent had difficulty concentrating during the day."In college students, the complaint of difficulty concentrating during the day continues to have a considerable impact on their ability to succeed in the classroom," study author Dr. James F. Pagel said in a prepared statement. "This study showed that disordered sleep has significant harmful effects on a student\'s academic performance, including GPAs."In the first study, students who stay up late ______.【單選題】

A.had lower GPAs

B.had higher GPAs

C.performed equally well in their studies

D.had little difficulty concentrating during the day

正確答案:A

答案解析:本題有一定難度，需要吃透原文句意，答案依據(jù)在文章第二段后半部分，談到早起的學(xué)生平均成績(jī)高于晚睡的學(xué)生，換句話(huà)說(shuō)，晚睡的學(xué)生成績(jī)低，答案是A。

2、College Night Owls Have Lower GradesCollege students who are morning people tend to get better grades than those who are night owls(晚睡的人), according to University of North Texas researchers.They had 824 undergraduate(大學(xué)本科生的) students complete a health survey that in cluded questions about sleep habits and daytime functioning, and found that students who are morning people had higher grade point averages(GPAs) than those who are night people."The finding that college students who are evening types have lower GPAs is a very important finding, sure to make its way into undergraduate psychology texts in the near future, along with the research showing that memory is improved by sleep," study co - author Daniet J. Taylor said in a prepared statement."Further, these results suggest that it might be possible to improve academic performance by using chronotherapy (時(shí)間療法) to help students retrain their biological clock to become more morning types," Taylor said.The research was expected to be presented Monday at SLEEP, the annual meeting of the Associated Professional (專(zhuān)業(yè)的) Sleep Societies, in Baltimore.In other findings expected to be heard at the meeting, University of Colorado researchers found a significant association between insomnia (失眠) and a decline in college students\' academic performance.The study included 64 psychology, nursing and medical students, average age 27. 4 years, who were divided into two groups—low GPAs and high GPAs.Among those with low GPAs,69.7 percent had trouble falling asleep,53.1 percent experienced leg kicks or twitches (痙攣) at night, 65.6 percent reported waking at night and having trouble falling back to sleep, and 72.7 percent had difficulty concentrating during the day."In college students, the complaint of difficulty concentrating during the day continues to have a considerable impact on their ability to succeed in the classroom," study author Dr. James F. Pagel said in a prepared statement. "This study showed that disordered sleep has significant harmful effects on a student\'s academic performance, including GPAs."Mr. Taylor believed that the finding of their study would soon ______.【單選題】

A.be criticized by psychology students

B.be confirmed by psychological studies

C.be included in undergraduate psychology texts

D.become the most popular psychology text

正確答案:C

答案解析:本題難度不大，答案依據(jù)比較明顯，答案依據(jù)是文章第三段第一句，談到研究結(jié)果一定會(huì)在不久將來(lái)被收錄到本科心理學(xué)教材中，回來(lái)看選項(xiàng)，C項(xiàng)和原文句意相符，是答案。

3、Youth Emancipation in SpainThe Spanish Government is so worried about the number of young adults still living with their parents that it has decided to help them leave the nest.Around 55 percent of people aged 18 ～ 34 in Spain still sleep in their parents\' home, says the latest report from the country\'s state - run Institute of Youth.To coax (勸誘) young people from their homes, the Institute started a "Youth Emancipation(解放)" programme this month. The programme offers guidance in finding rooms and jobs.Economists blame young people\'s family dependence on the precarious (不穩(wěn)定的) labour market and increasing housing prices. Housing prices have risen 17 percent a year since 2000.Cultural reasons also contribute to the problem, say sociologists (社會(huì)學(xué)家). Family ties in south Europe (Italy, Portugal and Greece) are stronger than those in middle and north Europe, said Spanish sociologist Almudena Moreno Minguez in her report "The Late Emancipation of Spanish Youth: Key for Understanding"."In general, young people in Spain firmly believe in the family as the main body around which their private life is organized," said Minguez.In Spain, especially in the countryside, it is not uncommon to find entire groups of aunts, uncles, cousins, nieces and nephews (外甥／侄子) all living on the same street. They regularly get together for Sunday dinner.Parents tolerance is another factor. Spanish parents accept late - night partying and are wary of setting bedtime rules."A child can arrive home at whatever time he wants. If parents complain he\'ll put up a fight and call the father a fascist," said Jose Antonio Gomez Yanez, a sociologist at Carlos Ill University in Madrid.Mothers willingness to do children\'s household chores (家務(wù)) worsens the problem. Dionisio Masso, a 60 - year - old in Madrid, has three children in their 20s, The eldest 28, has a girlfriend and a job. But life with mum is good."His mum does the wash and cooks for him, in the end, he lives well," Masso said.It can be inferred from paragraph 5 that family ties are stronger in Portugal than in ______.【單選題】

A.Greece

B.Finland

C.Spain

D.Italy

正確答案:B

答案解析:本題難度不大，是送分題。第五段第二句談到了歐洲南部國(guó)家的家庭聯(lián)系比歐洲中部和北部的國(guó)家更緊密，結(jié)合地理知識(shí)，芬蘭位于北部，所以答案是B，此外，即使不靠地理知識(shí)，也可使用排除法做對(duì)這道題目，作者列舉了三個(gè)國(guó)家都是在歐洲南部，選項(xiàng)A，C，D都是作者提到的，可以明顯被排除掉，答案只能是B。

4、When a disease of epidemic proportions rips into the populace, scientists immediately get to work, trying to locate the source of the affliction and find ways to combat it. Oftentimes, success is achieved, as medical science is able to isolate the parasite, germ or cell that causes the problem and finds ways to effectively kill or contain it. In the most serious of cases, in which the entire population of a region or country may be at grave risk, it is deemed necessary to protect the entire population through vaccination, so as to safeguard lives and ensure that the disease will not spread.The process of vaccination allows the patient\'s body to develop immunity to the virus or disease so that, if it is encountered, one can ward it off naturally. To accomplish this, a small weak or dead strain of the disease is actually injected into the patient in a controlled environment, so that his body\'s immune system can learn to fight the invader properly. Information on how to penetrate the disease\'s defenses is transmitted to all elements of the patient\'s immune system in a process that occurs naturally, in which genetic information is passed from cell to cell. This makes sure that, should the patient later come into contact with the real problem, his body is well equipped and trained to deal with it, having already done so before.There are dangers inherent in the process, however. On occasion, even the weakened version of the disease contained in the vaccine proves too much for the body to handle, resulting in the immune system succumbing, and, therefore, the patient\'s death. Such is the case of the smallpox vaccine, designed to eradicate the smallpox epidemic that nearly wiped out the entire Native American population and killed massive numbers of settlers. Approximately l in 10,000 people who receives the vaccine contract the smallpox disease from the vaccine itself and dies from it. Thus, if the entire population of the United States were to receive the Smallpox Vaccine today, 3,000 Americans would be left dead.Fortunately, the smallpox virus was considered eradicated in the early 1970\'s, ending the mandatory vaccination of all babies in America. In the event of a re-introduction of the disease, however, mandatory vaccinations may resume, resulting in more unexpected deaths from vaccination. The process, which is truly a mixed blessing, may indeed hide some hidden curses.Which of the following is true according to the text?【單選題】

A.Saving the majority would necessarily justify the death of the minority.

B.The immune system can be trained to fight weaker versions of a disease.

C.Mandatory vaccinations are indispensable to the survival of the populace.

D.The process of vaccination remains a mystery to be further resolved.

正確答案:B

答案解析:細(xì)節(jié)考查題。本文的中心講的是免疫系統(tǒng)可以得到特殊的訓(xùn)練以應(yīng)對(duì)較弱的疾病。選項(xiàng)B的內(nèi)容與此相符合，故正確答案為B。其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)都不能說(shuō)明原文的含義。

5、Youth Emancipation in SpainThe Spanish Government is so worried about the number of young adults still living with their parents that it has decided to help them leave the nest.Around 55 percent of people aged 18 ～ 34 in Spain still sleep in their parents\' home, says the latest report from the country\'s state - run Institute of Youth.To coax (勸誘) young people from their homes, the Institute started a "Youth Emancipation(解放)" programme this month. The programme offers guidance in finding rooms and jobs.Economists blame young people\'s family dependence on the precarious (不穩(wěn)定的) labour market and increasing housing prices. Housing prices have risen 17 percent a year since 2000.Cultural reasons also contribute to the problem, say sociologists (社會(huì)學(xué)家). Family ties in south Europe (Italy, Portugal and Greece) are stronger than those in middle and north Europe, said Spanish sociologist Almudena Moreno Minguez in her report "The Late Emancipation of Spanish Youth: Key for Understanding"."In general, young people in Spain firmly believe in the family as the main body around which their private life is organized," said Minguez.In Spain, especially in the countryside, it is not uncommon to find entire groups of aunts, uncles, cousins, nieces and nephews (外甥／侄子) all living on the same street. They regularly get together for Sunday dinner.Parents tolerance is another factor. Spanish parents accept late - night partying and are wary of setting bedtime rules."A child can arrive home at whatever time he wants. If parents complain he\'ll put up a fight and call the father a fascist," said Jose Antonio Gomez Yanez, a sociologist at Carlos Ill University in Madrid.Mothers willingness to do children\'s household chores (家務(wù)) worsens the problem. Dionisio Masso, a 60 - year - old in Madrid, has three children in their 20s, The eldest 28, has a girlfriend and a job. But life with mum is good."His mum does the wash and cooks for him, in the end, he lives well," Masso said.Which of the following statements is NOT true of Dionisio Masso? ______【單選題】

A.She has a boyfriend.

B.She is 60 years old.

C.She has three children.

D.She lives in Madrid.

正確答案:A

答案解析:本題有一定難度，需要定好位，并正確理解好句意。帶著題干提示詞回到文章定位，找到文章倒數(shù)第二段第二句，此句談到了Masso住在馬德里，是一個(gè)60歲有三個(gè)20多歲孩子的母親，并沒(méi)有提到她有一個(gè)男朋友，所以答案是A。