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1(Z). It is illegal to advertise prescription medications in Hedland except in professional medical journals or by mail directly to physicians. A proposed law would allow general advertising of prescription medications. Opponents object that, in general, laypersons lack the specialized knowledge to evaluate such advertisements and might ask their physicians for inappropriate medications. But since physicians have the final say as to whether to prescribe a medication for a patient, the objection provides no grounds for concern.

Which of the following would it be most useful to establish in order to evaluate the argument?

A. Whether nonprescription medications can interact with and block the action of any prescription medications that could be advertised to the general public

B. Whether most prescription medication advertisements directed at the general public would be advertisements for recently developed medications newly available by prescription

C. Whether prescription medication advertisements directed at the general public would appear on television and radio as well as in print

D. Whether physicians are more likely to pay attention to advertising directed to the general public than to advertising directed to physicians

E. Whether physicians are likely to succumb to pressure from patients to prescribe inappropriate medications

2(Z).Community activist: If Morganville wants to keep its central shopping district healthy, it should prevent the opening of a huge SaveAll discount department store on the outskirts of Morganville. Records from other small towns show that whenever SaveAll has opened a store outside the central shopping district of a small town, within five years the town has experienced the bankruptcies of more than a quarter of the stores in the shopping district.

The answer to which of the following would be most useful for evaluating the community activist’s reasoning?

A. Have community activists in other towns successfully campaigned against the opening of a SaveAll store on the outskirts of their towns?

B. Do a large percentage of the residents of Morganville currently do almost all of their shopping at stores in Morganville?

C. In towns with healthy central shopping districts, what proportion of the stores in those districts suffer bankruptcy during a typical five-year period?

D. What proportion of the employees at the SaveAll store on the outskirts of Morganville will be drawn from Morganville?

E. Do newly opened SaveAll stores ever lose money during their first five years of operation?

正確答案：E C

3.(Z). Journalist: Well-known businessman Arnold Bergeron has long been popular in the state, and he has often talked about running for governor, but he has never run. However, we have just learned that Bergeron has fulfilled the financial disclosure requirement for candidacy by submitting a detailed list of his current financial holdings to the election commission. So, it is very likely that Bergeron will be a candidate for governor this year.

The answer to which of the following questions would be most useful in evaluating the journalist’s argument?

A. Has anybody else who has fulfilled the financial disclosure requirement for the upcoming election reported greater financial holdings than Bergeron?

B. Is submitting a list of holdings the only way to fulfill the election commission’s financial disclosure requirements?

C. Did the information recently obtained by the journalists come directly from the election commission?

D. Have Bergeron’s financial holdings increased in value in recent years?

E. Had Bergeron also fulfilled the financial disclosure requirements for candidacy before any previous gubernatorial elections?

4.(Z)Magazine Publisher: Our magazine does not have a liberal bias. It is true that when a book review we had commissioned last year turned out to express distinctly conservative views, we did not publish it until we had also obtained a second review that took a strongly liberal position. Clearly, however, our actions demonstrate not a bias in favor of liberal views but rather a commitment to a balanced presentation of diverse opinions.

Determining which of the following would be most useful in evaluating the cogency of the magazine publisher’s response?

A. Whether any other magazines in which the book was reviewed carried more than one review of the book

B. Whether the magazine publishes unsolicited book reviews as well as those that it has commissioned

C. Whether in the event that a first review commissioned by the magazine takes a clearly liberal position the magazine would make any efforts to obtain further reviews

D. Whether the book that was the subject of the two reviews was itself written from a clearly conservative or a clearly liberal point of view

E. Whether most of the readers of the magazine regularly read the book reviews that the magazine publishes

正確答案：E C

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