2019年職稱英語考試《綜合類》考試共65題，分為單選題。小編為您整理閱讀理解分析5道練習題，附答案解析，供您備考練習。

1、The State of Marriage Today
Is there something seriously wrong with marriage today? During the past 50 years, the rate of divorce in the United States has exploded: almost 50% of marriages end in divorce now, and the evidence suggests it is going to get worse. If this trend continues, it will lead to the breakup of the family, according to a spokesperson for the National Family Association. Some futurists predict that in 100 years, the average American will marry at least four times, and extramarital (婚外的) affairs will be even more common than now.
But what are the reasons for this, and is the picture really so gloomy (明暗的)? The answer to the first question is really quite simple: marriage is no longer the necessity it once was. The institution of marriage has been based for years partly on economic need. Women used to be economically dependent on their husbands－as they usually didn＇t have jobs outside the home. But with the rising number of women in well－paying jobs, this is no longer the case, So they don＇t feel that they need to stay in a failing marriage.
In answer to the second question, the outlook may not be as pessimistic (悲觀的) as it seems. While the rate of divorce has risen, the rate of couples marrying has never actually fallen very much, so marriage is still quite popular. In addition to this, many couples now simply live together and don＇t bother to marry. These couples are effectively married, but they do not appear in either the marriage or divorce statistics. In fact, more than 50% of first marriages survive.
So is marriage really an outdated institution? The fact that most people still get married indicates that it isn＇t. And it is also true that married couples have a healthier life than single people: they suffer less from stress and its consequences, such as heart problems, and married men generally consider themselves more contented than their single counterparts. Perhaps the key is to find out what makes a successful marriage and apply it to all of our relationships!
How do most men feel in their marriage life? ____【單選題】

A.They feel much stronger than before.

B.They don＇t feel as lonely as before.

C.They suffer more than before.

D.They feel more satisfied than being single.

正確答案:D

答案解析:本題難度也不大，文章后半部分提到And it is also true that married couples have a healthier life than single people. 所以不難確定答案D。

2、The State of Marriage Today
Is there something seriously wrong with marriage today? During the past 50 years, the rate of divorce in the United States has exploded: almost 50% of marriages end in divorce now, and the evidence suggests it is going to get worse. If this trend continues, it will lead to the breakup of the family, according to a spokesperson for the National Family Association. Some futurists predict that in 100 years, the average American will marry at least four times, and extramarital (婚外的) affairs will be even more common than now.
But what are the reasons for this, and is the picture really so gloomy (明暗的)? The answer to the first question is really quite simple: marriage is no longer the necessity it once was. The institution of marriage has been based for years partly on economic need. Women used to be economically dependent on their husbands－as they usually didn＇t have jobs outside the home. But with the rising number of women in well－paying jobs, this is no longer the case, So they don＇t feel that they need to stay in a failing marriage.
In answer to the second question, the outlook may not be as pessimistic (悲觀的) as it seems. While the rate of divorce has risen, the rate of couples marrying has never actually fallen very much, so marriage is still quite popular. In addition to this, many couples now simply live together and don＇t bother to marry. These couples are effectively married, but they do not appear in either the marriage or divorce statistics. In fact, more than 50% of first marriages survive.
So is marriage really an outdated institution? The fact that most people still get married indicates that it isn＇t. And it is also true that married couples have a healthier life than single people: they suffer less from stress and its consequences, such as heart problems, and married men generally consider themselves more contented than their single counterparts. Perhaps the key is to find out what makes a successful marriage and apply it to all of our relationships!
Which of the following about marriage is NOT mentioned in the passage? ____
【單選題】

A.It is important to discover what makes a marriage successful.

B.Marriage has long been partly an economic need.

C.It is a fact that most people choose to get married.

D.Many people went abroad after divorce.

正確答案:D

答案解析:本題難度也不大，但是需要考生認真通讀全文，讀完后可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，文章并沒有提到人們離婚后出國，所以答案是D。

3、Britain＇s Solo Sailor
Ellen MacArthur started sailing when she was eight, going out on sailing trips with her aunt. She loved it so much that she saved her money for three years to buy her first small sailing boat. When she was 18, she sailed alone around Britain and won the "Young Sailor of the Year" award.
Ellen became famous in 2001. Aged only 24, she was one of the only two women who entered the Vendee Globe round the world solo race, which lasts 100 days. Despite of many problems, she came the second in the race out of 24 competitors and she was given a very warm welcome when she returned.
Ambition and determination have always been a big part of Ellen＇s personality. When she was younger, she lived in a kind of hut (棚屋) for three years while she was trying to get sponsorship to compete in a transatlantic race. Then she took a one - way ticket to France, bought a tiny seven meter Class Mini yacht (游艇), slept under it while she was repairing it, and then she raced it 4,000 kilometres across the Atlantic in 1997, alone for 33 days.
Ellen has to learn many things, because sailing single - handed means that she has to be her own captain, electrician, sailmaker, engineer, doctor, journalist, cameraman and cooker, She also has to be very fit, and because of the dangers of sleeping for long periods of time she＇s in the middle of the ocean, she has trained herself to sleep for about 20 minutes at a time.
And she needs courage. Once, in the middle of the ocean, she had to climb the mast (桅桿) of a boat to repair the sails at four o＇clock in the morning, with 100 kph winds blowing around her. It took her many hours to make the repairs, Ellen says: "I was exhausted when came down. It＇s hard to describe how it feels to be up there. It＇s like trying to hold onto a big pole, which for me is just too big to get my arms around, with someone kicking you all the time and trying to shake you off".
But in her diary, Ellen also describes moments which is worthwhile (值得的) :"A beautiful sunrise started the day, with black clouds slowly lit by the bright yellow sun. I have a very strong feeling of pleasure, being out here on the ocean and having the chance to live this. I just feel lucky to be here."
According to paragraph 4, which of the following statements is NOT true? ____ 【單選題】

A.She has to learn to repair sails.

B.She has to be her own teacher.

C.She has to be very fit.

D.She has trained herself to sleep for about 20 minutes at a time.

正確答案:B

答案解析:本題是判斷題，有一定難度，選項的干擾較大，需要確定好文章里sailmaker的意思，需要緊扣文章原意。選項里A，B干擾較大，因為，C，D很明顯是文章里明確提到的，可以排除。第四段談到，“Ellen必須學會許多事情，因為單獨航行意味著她必須是自己的船長、電工、修帆工……”Sailmaker是指“修船工”，所以A的意思和原文是一致的，可以排除。Captain，船長，不是教師，所以B是錯誤的，答案是B。

4、Stop Eating Too much
"Clean your plate!"and" Be a member of the clean-plate club!" Just about every kid in the US has heard this from a parent or grandparent. Often, it＇s accompanied by an appeal: "Just think about those starving orphans (孤兒) in Africa!" Sure, we should be grateful for every bite of food. Unfortunately, many people in the US take too many bites. Instead of saying "clean the plate", perhaps we should save some food for tomorrow.
According to news reports, US restaurants are partly to blame for the growing bellies(肚子). A waiter puts a plate of food in front of each customer, with two to four times the amount recommended by the government, according to a USA Today story. Americans traditionally associate quantity with value and most restaurants try to give them that. They prefer to have customers complain about too much food rather than too little.
Barbara Rolls, a nutrition (營養(yǎng)) professor at Pennsylvania State University, told USA Today that restaurant portion sizes began to grow in the 1970s, the same time that the American waistline(腰圍) began to expand.
Health experts have tried to get many restaurants to serve smaller portions. Now, apparently, some customers are calling for this too. The restaurant industry trade magazine QSR reported last month that 57 percent of more than 4,000 people surveyed believed restaurants served portions that were too large; 23 percent had no opinion; 20 percent disagreed. But a closer look at the survey indicates that many Americans who can＇t afford fine dining still prefer large portions. Seventy percent of those earn at least $ 150,000 per year prefer smaller portions; but only 45 percent of those earning less than $25, 000 want smaller.
It＇s not that working class Americans don＇t want to eat healthy. It＇s just that, after long hours at low-paying jobs, getting less on their plate hardly seems like a good deal. They live from paycheck (薪金支票) to paycheck, happy to save a little money for next year＇s Christmas presents.(2008年)
What happened in the 1970s?
【單選題】

A.The US government called on its people to reduce their weight.

B.Health experts persuaded restaurants to serve smaller portions.

C.The American waistline started to expand.

D.The United States produced more grain than needed.

正確答案:C

答案解析:題干問“20世紀70年代發(fā)生了什么”。參見文章第三段，其中提到：一位賓夕法尼亞州立大學營養(yǎng)學教授告訴《今日美國》，20世紀70年代餐館給的飯菜的量開始增加，與此同時，美國人的腰圍也開始增大。故正確答案為C。

5、Stop Eating Too much
"Clean your plate!"and" Be a member of the clean-plate club!" Just about every kid in the US has heard this from a parent or grandparent. Often, it＇s accompanied by an appeal: "Just think about those starving orphans (孤兒) in Africa!" Sure, we should be grateful for every bite of food. Unfortunately, many people in the US take too many bites. Instead of saying "clean the plate", perhaps we should save some food for tomorrow.
According to news reports, US restaurants are partly to blame for the growing bellies(肚子). A waiter puts a plate of food in front of each customer, with two to four times the amount recommended by the government, according to a USA Today story. Americans traditionally associate quantity with value and most restaurants try to give them that. They prefer to have customers complain about too much food rather than too little.
Barbara Rolls, a nutrition (營養(yǎng)) professor at Pennsylvania State University, told USA Today that restaurant portion sizes began to grow in the 1970s, the same time that the American waistline(腰圍) began to expand.
Health experts have tried to get many restaurants to serve smaller portions. Now, apparently, some customers are calling for this too. The restaurant industry trade magazine QSR reported last month that 57 percent of more than 4,000 people surveyed believed restaurants served portions that were too large; 23 percent had no opinion; 20 percent disagreed. But a closer look at the survey indicates that many Americans who can＇t afford fine dining still prefer large portions. Seventy percent of those earn at least $ 150,000 per year prefer smaller portions; but only 45 percent of those earning less than $25, 000 want smaller.
It＇s not that working class Americans don＇t want to eat healthy. It＇s just that, after long hours at low-paying jobs, getting less on their plate hardly seems like a good deal. They live from paycheck (薪金支票) to paycheck, happy to save a little money for next year＇s Christmas presents.(2008年)
What does the survey indicate?
【單選題】

A.Twenty percent of Americans want smaller portions.

B.Many low-income Amercing want large portions.

C.Fifty-seven percent of Americans want large portions.

D.Forty-five percent of Americans want smaller portions.

正確答案:B

答案解析:題干問“調(diào)查報告說明了什么”。參見文章第四段，許多吃不起精美正餐的美國人仍然希望飯菜的量大一些。而選項B與此相符合，故正確答案為B。