閱讀判斷(99 16一-'22題，每題l分，共7分)

下面的短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容對每個(gè)句子做出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息，請選擇A;如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請選擇B;如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，請選擇C。

In Sports, Red Is the Winning Color

When opponents of a game are equally matched, the team dressed in red is more likely to win,according to a new study.　

British anthropologists Russell Hill and Robert Barton of the University of Durham reached that conclusion by studying the outcomes of one-on-one boxing, tae kwon do, Grec0-Roman-wresting, and freestyle-wrestling matches at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece.

In each event Olympic staff randomly assigned red or blue clothing or body protection to competitors. When otherwise equally matched with their opponent in fitness and skill, athletes wearing red were more likely to win the bout.

"Where there was a large point difference- presumably because one contestant was far superior to the other -- color had no effect on the outcome," Barton said. "Where there was a small point difference, the effect of color was sufficient to tip the balance."

In equally matched bouts, the preponderance of red wins was great enough that it could not be attributed to chance, the anthropologists say. Hill and Barton found similar results in a review of the colors worn at the Euro 2004 international soccer tournament. Their report will be published in tomorrow's issue of the journal Nature.　

Joanna Setchell, a primate researcher at the University of Cambridge in England, has found similar results in nature. Her work with the large African monkeys known as mandrills shows that red coloration gives males an advantage when it comes to mating.　

The finding that red also has an advantage in human sporting events does not surprise her,adding that "the idea of the study is very clever".

Hill and Barton got the idea for their study out of a mutual interest in the evolution of sexual signals in primates--"red seems to be the color, across species, that signals male dominance and testosterone levels," Barton said.

For example, studies by Setchell, the Cambridge primate researcher, show that dominant male mandrills have increased red coloration in their faces and rumps. Another study by other scientists shows that red plastic rings experimentally placed on the legs of male zebra finches increase the birds' dominance.

Barton said he and Hill speculated some speculated that "there might be a similar effect in humans. And if so, it could be apparent in sporting contests."

The pair say their results indicate that sexual selection may have influenced the evolution of humans' response to color.

Setchell, the primatologist, agrees. "As Hill and Barton say, humans redden when we are angry and pale when we're scared. These are very important signals to other individuals," she said.

The advantage of red may be intuitively known, judging from the prevalence of red uniforms in sports -- "though it is clearly not very widely appreciated, on a conscious level at least," Barton said.

He adds that the finding of red's advantage might have implications for regulations that govern sporting attire. In the Olympic matches he surveyed for the new study, for example, it is possible some medal winners may have reached the pedestal with an unintended advantage.

"That is the implication, though we cannot say that it made the difference in any one specific case," Barton said.

Meanwhile, Setchell noted tongue-in-cheek that a red advantage may not be limited to sports. "Going by the recent [U.S.] election results, red is indeed quite successful," she said.

16. Both Hill and Barton wanted to find out if color affects the outcome of sports matched.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

17. Hill and Barton are both interested in primates.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

18. Male mandrills use yellow coloration to attract a mate.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

19. Red is not an advantage for zebra finches.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

20. The red plastic rings were left on the finches permanently.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

21. Hill and Barton believe athletes in red are more likely to win.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

22. Many athletes oppose the new regulations on sports uniforms.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

參考答案：

16.A。題干：Hill和Barton都想發(fā)現(xiàn)顏色是否能影響體育比賽的結(jié)果。根據(jù)人名和顏色回到原文定位，可知全文通篇都在講紅色更能讓比賽的一方勝利。故本題選A。

17.A。題干：Hill和Barton都對靈長目動(dòng)物感興趣。根據(jù)“靈長目”回原文定位到第八段“Hill and Barton got the idea for the study from a mutual interest in primates”，大意為“Hill和Barton”從對靈長目動(dòng)物共同的興趣研究中獲得靈感。故本題干符合文章含義。

18.B。題干：雄性山魈(mandrill)使用黃色來吸引異性。很明顯，第九段中講到紅色才是它們吸引配偶的顏色。故題干與原文含義不相符。(注意：本題中的專有名詞不用關(guān)注它們的含義，根據(jù)上下文含義得知這是一種動(dòng)物即可。)

19.B。題干：紅色對于斑胸草雀不是什么優(yōu)點(diǎn)。根據(jù)專有名詞定位到第九段“Scientists put red plastic rings on the legs of male Zebra finches，which increased the bird’S success in finding a mate.”，大意是“科學(xué)家將紅色的塑料圈系在雄性斑胸草雀的腿上，這就增加了鳥類成功找到配偶的概率”。故題干與原文內(nèi)容不吻合。

20.C。題干：紅色的塑料圈永遠(yuǎn)留在斑胸草雀的腿上。原文并未提及這個(gè)信息，故選C。

21.A。Hill和Barton相信，穿紅衣服的運(yùn)動(dòng)員更有可能贏。第三段最后一句告訴我們：穿紅色衣服的隊(duì)伍更有可能取勝。故題干與文章意義吻合。故選A。

22.C。題干：很多運(yùn)動(dòng)員反對運(yùn)動(dòng)員制服的新規(guī)定。文章中沒有提及這方面的信息，故選C。